Operations Management of Distributed Service Networks: A Practical Quantitative Approach

ISBN-13: 9781461282815 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 310 str.

Niv Ahituv; Oded Berman

Opis

Distributed service networks encompass various facilities with which we have daily contact. In the public sector they include, for instance, ambulance, fire, and police services; in the business sector they include maintenance and repair services, road services, courier services, and the like. Policy making problems in distributed service networks can be clearly classified into a number of hierarchical levels. The levels are distinguished by the time horizon of the problem, by the amount of cost involved in the implementation of a solution, and by the political implications of the solution. This top-down classification is typical of what is known as the "systems approach," advocating that the direction of the analysis of complex systems should be from the whole to the details. The top-down classification consists of the following categories of policies: 1. Zoning: How should a network be partitioned into subzones? 2. Station location: Where should service stations or service units be located? 3. Resource allocation: What amount of resources should be allocated to the stations? vii viii Preface 4. Dispatching, routing, and repositioning: What is the optimal dis patching policy, what are the optimal routes for nonbusy units, and under what circumstances is it worthwhile to reposition a certain idle unit? A top-down approach implies that each of the problems is solved separately; however, the solution of a higher-level problem sets constraints on problems at lower levels."

Spis treści

1 Distributed Service Network Characteristics.- 1.1. What Is a Distributed Service Network?.- 1.2. Hierarchy of Policy Making in a Distributed Service Network.- 1.3. Technical Characteristics of a Distributed Service Network.- 1.4. The Hypercube Model: A System in a Steady State.- 1.5. Mathematical Presentation.- Key Concepts.- References.- 2 Zoning.- 2.1. What is Zoning?.- 2.2. Zoning Criteria.- 2.3. A Zoning Selection Process.- 2.4. Mathematical Section.- Key Concepts.- References.- 3 Location of Stationary Facilities.- 3.1. Classification of Location Problems.- 3.2. The One-Median Problem.- 3.3. The p-Median Problem.- 3.4. The One-Center Problem.- 3.5. The p-Center Problem.- 3.6. The Requirements Problem.- 3.7. The Stochastic One-Median Problem.- 3.8. Mathematical Presentation.- Key Concepts.- References.- 4 Allocation of Service Resources.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Answering Telephone Calls.- 4.3. Allocating Servers to a Station.- 4.4. Employing Reserve Units.- 4.5. Allocation of Units among a Number of Service Stations.- 4.6. Staffing a Service Unit.- 4.7. Mathematical Section.- Key Concepts.- References.- 5 Dispatching.- 5.1. Definition and Classification of Dispatching-Related Concepts.- 5.2. Cooperation in a Congested Network.- 5.3. No Cooperation in a Congested Network.- 5.4. Dispatching Criteria in a Noncongested Network.- 5.5. Dispatching Moving Servers in a Noncongested Network.- 5.6. Mathematical Presentation.- Key Concepts.- References.- 6 Repositioning.- 6.1. Reasons, Costs, and Benefits of Repositioning.- 6.2. Location on a Stochastic Network.- 6.3. Repositioning on a Stochastic Network.- 6.4. Repositioning in Congested Networks.- 6.5. Mathematical Presentation.- Key Concepts.- References.- 7 Patrol Routing.- 7.1. The Difference between Routing and Patrol Routing.- 7.2. A Patrol Routing Problem.- 7.3. A Model with Constraints on the Number of Nodes to be Visited.- 7.4. A Model with a Constraint on Travel Time.- 7.5. Mathematical Presentation.- Key Concepts.- References.- 8 Selecting an Information System for Dispatching Decisions.- 8.1. Alternative Information Systems.- 8.2. Stationary Information System (SIS).- 8.3. Check-in Information System (CIS).- 8.4. Real-Time Information System (RIS).- 8.5. The Value of the Information System.- 8.6. Mathematical Presentation.- Key Concepts.- References.- 9 Negotiating Cooperation between Adjacent Service Networks.- 9.1. The Benefits and Limitations of Cooperation.- 9.2. Cooperation in the Case of a Zero Capacity Queue.- 9.3. Charging for Rendered Service.- 9.4. Mathematical Presentation.- Key Concepts.- References.- 10 A Comprehensive Approach to Cooperation.- 10.1. Introduction.- 10.2. Analysis of Sample Networks.- 10.3. Allowing for Nonpure Decisions.- 10.4. Applying the Model—Sample Numerical Results.- 10.5. Sensitivity of the Cooperation Policy to Penalty Values and Travel Times.- 10.6. Some Concluding Remarks.- 10.7. Mathematical Presentation.- Key Concepts.- References.