Online Misogyny as Hate Crime: A Challenge for Legal Regulation?

ISBN-13: 9781032241708 / Angielski / Miękka / 2021 / 146 str.

Kim Barker; Olga Jurasz

Opis

The ideal of an inclusive and participatory Internet has been undermined by the rise of misogynistic abuse on social media platforms. However, limited progress has been made at national – and to an extent European – levels in addressing this issue.

Spis treści

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments

Terminology

Chapter 1 – Online Misogyny: Law and the Digital Feminist

1. Introduction – Why this book and why now
2. What this book is (not) about
3. Addressing online misogyny through law: the limitations

1. Jurisdiction
2. Platform Regulation

4. Feminism, law and the fight against (online) misogyny
5. The rise of the digital feminist

Chapter 2 – [Online] Misogyny: Old Problems, New Media?

2.1. Introduction – An open, participatory ideal?

2.2. Social Media Abuse as a Modern Phenomenon

2.3. From Offline to Online: the digital misogyny ‘switch’

2.3.1. The Normalisation of Online Abuse

2.3.2. Political Campaigning & The ‘Techlash’

2.3.3. Intersectional Abuse – Still Misogyny, Still a Techlash?

2.4. Conclusion

Chapter 3 – Online Communications: The Legal Landscape

3.1. Introduction – Comprehension, Competence, and Cohesion?

3.2. The Limitation Paradox

3.2.1. The Devolution Settlement

3.2.2. The European Union Remit

3.2.3. Limitations – Competence v Cohesion?

3.3. Legal Challenges of Online Communications – Where Does the Problem Lie?

Part I – Threats & Threats to Kill

3.4. Threats & Threats to Kill

Part II – Stalking & Harassment

3.5. Stalking

3.6. Harassment

Part III – Communications

3.7. Communications Networks

3.8. Conclusions

Chapter 4 – Hate Crime: The Limits of the Law

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Hate crime: development and classifications

4.2.1. Defining hate crime

4.2.2. Hate crime v Hate speech

4.2.3. Hate speech and human rights

4.2.4. Hate crime: the current legal framework in England & Wales

4.2.5. Who is protected against hate crime?

4.3. Extending the boundaries of hate crime: hate (re)defined

4.3.1. Why the need to include gender in hate crime laws

4.3.2. Gender as a protected characteristic: towards law reform

4.4. Online hate (crimes)

4.4.1. Does online make it different?

4.5. Online misogyny as a hate crime

4.6. Conclusions

Chapter 5 - #OVAW, The Internet & Hate: Unfinished (Legal) Business

5.1. The realities of everyday, gender-based hate

5.2. Online misogyny: not a legislative priority

5.3. Implications for legal response and regulation

5.4. Final Thought

Index

O autorze

Dr Kim Barker is Lecturer in Law at Stirling University.

Dr Olga Jurasz is Senior Lecturer in Law at The Open University.