Offending from Childhood to Late Middle Age

ISBN-13: 9781071633342 / Angielski / Miękka / 2023

David P. Farrington;Alex R. Piquero;Wesley G. Jennings

Opis

This second edition book advances knowledge about criminal careers throughout life. It presents new results from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (CSDD), which is a unique longitudinal study of the development of offending from age 10 to age 61. Previous results obtained in the CSDD are reviewed, and then new findings from official criminal records up to age 61 are presented: on offending at different ages, continuity in offending, ages of onset, and criminal career duration. The number of offenders and offenses between ages 50 and 61 is noteworthy. The book then presents results on self-reported offending in different age ranges up to 48: on prevalence, frequency, continuity, and comparisons with official records that suggest that official records only capture the tip of the iceberg of offending. It then analyzes different trajectories of official offending up to age 61 and shows to what extent they could be predicted by childhood risk factors. New results from the CSDD in the last 10 years are then presented, followed by a discussion of the relevance of all the findings for criminological theories and public policies such as early intervention. This book should be of great interest not only to academics but also to policy makers and practitioners who are concerned with crime.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  
.  

Spis treści

1. Introduction to Criminal Careers – MINOR UPDATES

The study of criminal careers has been the focus of a long line of research dating back to the early nineteenth century. Despite this rich history, only more recently has life-course research began efforts to unpack the complexity of criminal career dimensions. This approach has yielded important research findings with relevant policy implications. This chapter provides a brief background into the origin of criminal career research and introduces the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development

1. The Cambridge Study: Previous Results – MINOR UPDATES

The Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development represents one of the longest and most comprehensive, prospective longitudinal studies in the world focusing on offending, risk factors, and life events. Evidence gleaned from nearly five decades of research has generated a wealth of empirical information relevant for criminology and related disciplines with regard to family criminality, the relationship between employment and crime, risk factors associated with offending, the association between offending and adverse physical health outcomes, and the costs of crime. This chapter reviews these research findings up to 2012 and concludes with a discussion of the strengths and limitations of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development.

1. Official Criminal Careers – REWRITE WITH NEW DATA

Official criminal records are one of the most well-known sources of crime data.  Accordingly, this Chapter reviews the process whereby the criminal record searches were conducted in order to construct the life-course conviction records among the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development males. The previous analyses from ages 10 to 56 are redone to extend the new analyses from ages 10 to 61. This rich offending information is analyzed with a particular focus on the key criminal career dimensions of onset age, offending continuity, and criminal career length. The incarceration histories of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development males are briefly reviewed also.

1. Self-Reported Versus Official Offending – MINOR UPDATES

Other than official data, self-report data is the second most utilized source for information on offending. Recognizing the inherent limitations of official and self-report data in terms of sources for crime measurement, this chapter provides an in-depth exploration into the prevalence and frequency of offending among the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development males with a specific focus on the similarities, differences, and overlap across offending estimates from the two crime data sources (official versus self-report). The ratio of self-reported to official offenses is also reviewed and disaggregated by offense type.

Trajectories of Offending to Age 61 – REWRITE WITH NEW DATA

Life-course research has benefited recently from the development and application of advanced statistical methods, most notably group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM).  Guided by this methodological framework, this chapter offers the most comprehensive trajectory analyses to date among the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development males, extending previous analyses from ages 10 to 61. Specifically, trajectory solutions are identified across a series of age ranges (e.g., ages 10-16; ages 10-24; ages 10-32; ages 10-40; ages 10-48; ages 10-56; ages 10-61). Subsequent analyses focus on comparing the stability in trajectory solutions across age ranges and the ability of childhood risk factors to differentiate trajectory groups.

The Cambridge Study: Advances in the last 10 years – NEW CHAPTER

This chapter reviews Cambridge Study publications in 2013-2023. It describes results on criminal careers, risk factors for offending, life-course correlates of offending, and intergenerational transmission.

Conclusions  -- UPDATED

Analysis of crime over the life-course is complex, yet it can provide a wealth of information for students, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. This chapter briefly highlights the main findings that have been generated from the most recent and lengthy longitudinal criminal conviction and self-report follow-up of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development males up to age 61. These key results are also discussed with attention to their relevance for criminological theory and their implications for policy and early life-course interventions.

Cambridge Study Publications  from 2013 to 2023 - UPDATED

Other References - UPDATED

Back Matter - UPDATED

O autorze

David P. Farrington, O.B.E., is Emeritus Professor of Psychological Criminology at the Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University. He has received the Stockholm Prize in Criminology and the four major awards (Sellin-Glueck, Sutherland, Vollmer, Bloch) of the American Society of Criminology. He is a Fellow of the British Academy, of the Academy of Medical Sciences, of the British Psychological Society, and of the American Society of Criminology.

Alex R. Piquero is Professor of Sociology and Criminology and Arts and Sciences Distinguished Scholar at the University of Miami. He is currently serving as Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (effective August 2022). He has received several research, teaching, and service awards and is Fellow of both the American Society of Criminology and the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences.

Wesley G. Jennings is Gillespie Distinguished Scholar, Chair, Professor, and Director of the Center for Evidence-Based Policing and Reform (CEBPR) in the Department of Criminal Justice and Legal Studies in the School of Applied Sciences and a Faculty Affiliate at the School of Law at the University of Mississippi. He is a member of the American Bar Association, the American Society of Criminology, and a Lifetime Member of both the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences and the Southern Criminal Justice Association.

Darrick Jolliffe is Professor of Criminology and former Head of the School of Law and Criminology, University of Greenwich. He is Co-Editor-in Chief of the Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology and on the Editorial Board of the British Journal of Criminology and Victims and Offenders. He was an academic appointee to the Expert Panel of the Youth Endowment Fund.