Oceanic Whitecaps: And Their Role in Air-Sea Exchange Processes

ISBN-13: 9789027722515 / Angielski / Twarda / 1986 / 294 str.

E. C. Monahan; Gearoid Mac Niocaill; Gearoid Mac Niocaill

Opis

While various volumes havepreviously been de- bable, answer to this question lies in the obser- vation that while whitecaps are some of the voted to such topics as droplets and bubbles, it is our conceit that this is the first volume dedi- most apparent features associated with high sea cated to the description of the phenomenon states, they have also pro'ed to be someofthe of oceanic whitecapping, and to a considera- most difficult objects to measure and describe tion of the role these whitecapsplay in satellite quantitatively, and while scientists as a group marine remote sensing, in sea-salt aerosol gene- may like to tackle difficult problems, we ration, and in a broad range ofother sea surface should not be accused ofundue modesty when processes. This observation, reOecting in part we observe that as a group we also have a finite the relatively modest attention paid until re- tolerance for frustration and ahuman,perhaps cently by the scientific community to white- aesthetic, prejudice in favour ofnatural pheno- caps, is noteworthy when one considers that mena that are amcnable to detailed description. collectively whitecaps are to thegeneral public It is appropriate to note that Professor Wood- one of the most striking features of the sea- cock, to whom this volume is dedicated, ap- scape.

Recenzje

`...well indexed and includes a very useful supplementary bibliography. It provides an excellent source of references for meteorology and oceanography students and researchers who are involved with the studies on air-sea exchange and on small-scale physical and psychochemical processes near the surface.'
EOS

Spis treści

The life and science of Alfred H. Woodcock.- Scientific papers of Dr Alfred H. Woodcock.- Wave group statistics.- A parameter describing overall conditions of wave breaking, whitecapping, sea-spray production and wind stress.- On Chamock’s relation for the roughness at sea.- Bubble clouds: a review of their detection by sonar, of related models, and of how Kv may be determined.- Bubble populations: background and breaking waves.- On reconciling optical and acoustical bubble spectra in the mixed layer.- The contribution of bubbles to gas transfer across an air-water interface.- Oceanic air bubbles as generators of marine aerosols.- Whitecaps, bubbles, and spray.- Statistical aspects of the relationship between oceanic whitecap coverage, wind speed and other environmental factors.- Characteristic features of a wind wave field with occasional breaking, and splashing droplets at high winds.- Surface tension effects in nonlinear waves.- The effect of organic films on water surface motions.- A model of marine aerosol generation via whitecapsand wave disruption.- The production and dispersal of maritime aerosol.- Dynamics and modeling of aerosols in the marine atmospheric boundary layer.- Whitecaps and global fluxes.- Comparisons between electrical processes occurring over land and over water.- Atmospheric electric space charge near the ocean surface.- Satellite measurements of aerosols over ocean surfaces.- Remote sensing signatures of whitecaps.- The influence of whitecaps on the albedo of the sea surface.- Abstracts of Poster Papers.- An attempt to determine the space charge produced by a single whitecap under laboratory conditions.- Acoustic propagation in liquid containing gas bubbles: effect of the bubbles’ size and distribution.- The generation, transport and deposition of marine aerosols: a turbulence modeling study.- Momentum flux in wind waves.- Further experiments with a laboratory breaking wave model.- Whitecaps,-m windspeed and marine aerosol inter-relationships as observed during the 1980 STREX experiment.- Aerosol measurements at a remote coastal site.- Bubble coalescence in sea-and freshwater: requisites for an explanation.- The distribution of aerosol over sea and ice.- The complex refractive index of marine aerosol constituents.- Whitecap coverage measurements using an airborne multi-spectral scanner.- Oceanic whitecaps: their effective reflectance.- Aerosol populations in the marine atmosphere.- The influence of fetch on whitecap coverage as deduced from the Alte Weser Light-station observer’s log.- The effect of stability on the concentration of aerosol in the marine atmospheric boundary layer.- Sodium chloride and water temperature effects on bubbles.- Bubble generation by surface wave breaking.- Bacterial enrichments in the aerosol from a laboratory breaking wave.- Supplementary Bibliography.