Nuclear and Particle Physics: The Changing Interface

ISBN-13: 9783642849671 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 109 str.

Mira Dey; Jishnu Dey

Opis

"Nuclear and Particle Physics" both have been very distinct subjects for decades, and are now developing more and more interfaces. Thus, hitherto typical methods of particle physics are adopted by nuclear physics. The authors try to build bridges between both fields and give nuclear physicists a thorough introduction from the fundamentals of particle physics to current research in this field. Contents: - Introduction - Preliminaries and Simple Models - Currents, Anomaly, Solitons, and Fractional Fermions - More on Chiral Symmetry - Introduction to Instantons - Relevance of Instantons - Chiral Perturbation Theory - The Topological and Non-Topological Soliton Model - QCD Sum Rules - References

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 1.1 Quarks.- 1.2 Colour.- 1.3 Flavour.- 1.4 Quark Masses.- 1.5 Medium Effects on Quarks and Their Interactions.- 1.6 Phase Transition and Quark Gluon Plasma.- 2 Preliminaries and Simple Models.- 2.1 SU(2) and SU(3) Symmetry.- 2.2 The SU(3) Group.- 2.3 Non-Abelian Gauge Transformations.- 2.4 SU(3) Flavour Group.- 2.5 The SU(3) Colour and the Multi-Quark Wave Function.- 2.6 The Necessity of Relativistic Models.- 2.7 Fully Relativistic One-Body Potential Models.- 2.8 Relativistic Hartree-Fock Models.- 3 Currents, Anomaly, Solitons and Fractional Fermions.- 3.1 The Theorem of Emmy Noether.- 3.2 Internal Symmetry and Space-Time Symmetry.- 3.3 Standard Examples.- 3.4 Current Algebra and Anomaly.- 3.5 Fractional Fermions.- 3.6 A Brief Review of Solitons: Kinks.- 3.7 Polyacetylene: One Dimensional Dirac-Type Equation.- 4 More on Chiral Anomaly.- 4.1 Chiral Anomaly in QED.- 4.2 Gentleness.- 4.3 Momentum Routing Anomalies.- 4.4 Anomalous Ward Identity from Path Integral Approach.- 4.5 Summary of Grassmann Algebra.- 4.6 Integration Over Fermi Fields.- 4.7 Chiral Transformation.- 5 Introduction to Instantons.- 5.1 Instantons or Pseudoparticles.- 5.2 Tunneling in Imaginary Time.- 5.3 Homotopy Theory.- 5.4 Compactification of Space-Time Manifold and Mapping.- 5.5 Bounds for the Instanton Solutions.- 6 Relevance of Instantons.- 6.1 ? Vacuum.- 6.2 The DEMON.- 6.3 Electroweak Baryon Number Violation.- 6.4 Conformally Invariant Solutions of Jackiw, Nohl and Rebbi.- 6.5 Instanton to Skyrmion.- 6.6 QCD Vacuum — Instanton Gas or Liquid?.- 6.7 Instanton Suppression by Light Fermions.- 6.8 Instanton Induced Effective Interaction.- 7 Chiral Perturbation Theory (CHPT).- 7.1 CHPT for the Meson Sector.- 7.2 CHPT for the Nucleon.- 7.3 CHPT at Finite Temperature.- 8 The Topological and Non-Topological Soliton Models.- 8.1 Skyrmion: Baryon as a Topological Soliton in Meson Fields.- 8.2 The Non-topological Soliton or the Soliton Bag Model.- 8.3 The Nature of the QCD Vacuum.- 8.4 Description of the Model.- 9 QCD Sum Rules.- 9.1 Introduction to QCD Sum Rules.- 9.2 The Operator Product Expansion (OPE).- 9.3 Calculation of the Coefficients and Borel Transform.- 9.4 Introduction to Sum Rules for Baryons.- 9.5 The Nucleon Correlator.- 9.6 Details of the Sum Rule for Nucleons.- 9.7 Finite Temperature and Density.- References.- Citation Index.