Nonlinear Physical Oceanography: A Dynamical Systems Approach to the Large Scale Ocean Circulation and El Niño,

ISBN-13: 9781402022623 / Angielski / Twarda / 2005 / 552 str.

Henk A. Dijkstra

Opis

Taken from a review of the first edition in SIAM: "This text is different from most others in that it combines several different disciplines and draws on many scientific studies in order to deduce mechanisms of ocean circulation. (...) Therefore (it) cannot be substituted, and (...) it meets its unique goals with clarity and thoroughness."

Recenzje

Wendy Welch Orlando (Northwest Research Associates, Inc.) in SIAM Vol. 44, No. 1, 2002 on the book's first edition:

"An old distinction comes to mind when considering Henk Dijkstra's satisfying new book on nonlinear physical oceanography: While many texts convey knowledge to the reader, this is a rare example of one which imparts some wisdom. (...) In summary, this text is different from most others in that it combines several different disciplines and drwas on many scientific studies in order to deduce mechanisms of ocean circulation. As it therefore cannot be substituted, and as it meets its unique goals with clarity and thoroughness, it has merited this enthusiastic review".

Several additional reviews on the first edition available, excerpts on the book's homepage on springeronline.

From the reviews of the second edition:

"This book ... falls into the broad category of advanced graduate text cum research monograph. It does more than most books in this category to actually serve as a text ... . The presentation of the book is excellent and includes a nice selection of color plates at the end ... . The book clearly belongs on the shelf or in the departmental library of any serious physical oceanographer and is highly recommended for applied and computational mathematicians ... ." (Michael Ghil, Geophysical and Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics, Vol. 102 (3), June, 2008)

Spis treści

Preface Acknowledgments 1. Introduction 1.1 Past Climate Variability 1.2 The Present Ocean Circulation 1.3 Present Climate Variability 1.4 Physics of Climate Variability 1.5 Exercises on Chapter 1 2. Background Material 2.1 Basic Equations 2.2 Vorticity Transport 2.3 Potential Vorticity 2.4 Stability 2.5 Exercises on Chapter 2 3. A Dynamical Systems Point of View 3.1 An Elementary Problem 3.2 Dynamical Systems: Fixed Points 3.3 Periodic Solutions and their Stability 3.4 Bifurcations of Periodic Orbits 3.5 Global Bifurcations 3.6 Synchronization Phenomena 3.7 Physics of Bifurcation Behavior 3.8 Exercises on Chapter 3 4. Numerical Techniques 4.1 A Prototype Problem 4.2 Computation of Steady Solutions 4.3 Detection and Switching 4.4 Linear Stability Problem 4.5 Implicit Time Integration 4.6 Linear System Solvers: Direct Methods 4.7 Linear System Solvers: Iterative Methods 4.8 Application to the Prototype Problem 4.9 Exercises on Chapter 4 5. The Wind-driven Ocean Circulation 5.1 Phenomena 5.2 Models of the Midlatitude Ocean Circulation 5.3 Shallow-water and Quasi-geostrophic Models 5.4 Classical Results 5.5 Bifurcations of flows in Quasi-geostrophic Models 5.6 Bifurcations of flows in Shallow-water Models 5.7 Effects of Continental Geometry 5.8 High-resolution OGCMs 5.9 Observations 5.10 Synthesis 5.11 Exercises on Chapter 5 6. The Thermohaline Ocean Circulation 6.1 Low-frequency North Atlantic Climate Variability 6.2 Potential Mechanisms 6.3 Two-dimensional Boussinesq Models 6.4 Diffusive Thermohaline Flows 6.5 Convective Thermohaline Flows 6.6 Zonally Averaged Ocean Models 6.7 Three-dimensional Ocean Models 6.8 Coupled Ocean-atmosphere Models 6.9 Synthesis 6.10 Exercises on Chapter 6 7. The Dynamics and Physics of ENSO 7.1 Basic Phenomena 7.2 Models of the Equatorial Ocean 7.3 Physics of Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling 7.4 The Zebiak-Cane Model 7.5 Towards the Delayed Oscillator 7.6 Coupled Processes and the Annual Mean State 7.7 Unifying Mean State and Variability 7.8 Presence of the Seasonal Cycle 7.9 ENSO in Coupled General Circulation Models 7.10 Synthesis| 7.11 Exercises on Chapter 7

O autorze

Henk A. Dijkstra is Full Professor for Physical Oceanography at Colorado State University, Fort Collins. After graduating in applied mathematics at the University of Groningen in 1984, he worked on his Ph.D. in Groningen on a Spacelab experiment and on Marangoni convection under microgravity conditions. He continued this research in chemical engineering at Cornell University. In 1990 he started working on physical oceanography and became Assistant Professor at Utrecht University, in 1996 an Associate Professor and in 2001 a Full Professor there. Henk Dijkstra has developed, consequently, the nonlinear dynamical systems approach to oceanography. Mainly to emphasize that he first computed explicit bifurcation diagram for a global ocean circulation model and explained the structure of equilibria for a hierarchy of models going from a single-hemispheric to the global configuration. He discovered the multidecadal mode in single-hemispheric thermohaline flows and explained its relevance in the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. He demonstrated the existence of steady separation patterns in northern hemispheric western boundary currents and explained the subannual variability through barotropic destabilization of these states. He first analysed the stability of the double-gyre wind driven flows in quasi-geostrophic one- and two-layer models and demonstrated its relevance with respect to low-frequency variability of the ocean gyres.

He became member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences and Arts in 2002. He has published more than 100 papers and a book on Nonlinear Physical Oceanography in 2000. He has organized for several years a session at EGS/EGU meetings on this topic.

Blurb

In this book, methodology of dynamical systems theory is applied to investigate the physics of the large-scale ocean circulation. Topics include the dynamics of western boundary currents such as the Gulf Stream in the Atlantic Ocean and the Kurosio in the Pacific Ocean, the stability of the thermohaline circulation, and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation phenomenon in the Tropical Pacific. The book also deals with the numerical methods to apply bifurcation analysis on large-dimensional dynamical systems, with tens of thousands (or more) degrees of freedom, which arise through discretization of ocean and climate models. The novel approach to understand the phenomena of climate variability is through a systematic analysis of the solution structure of a hierarchy of models using these techniques. In this way, a connection between the results of the different models within the hierarchy can be established. Mechanistic description of the physics of the results is provided and, where possible, links with results of state-of-the-art ocean (and climate) models and observations are sought. The reader is expected to have a background in basic fluid dynamics and applied mathematics, although the level of the text sometimes is quite introductory. Each of the chapters is rather self-contained and many details of derivations are provided. Exercises presented at the end of each chapter make it a perfect graduate-level text.

This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in meteorology, oceanography and related fields who are interested in tackling fundamental problems in dynamical oceanography and climate dynamics.