New Approaches to Problems in Liquid State Theory: Inhomogeneities and Phase Separation in Simple, Complex and Quantum Fluids

ISBN-13: 9780792356714 / Angielski / Miękka / 1999 / 521 str.

Carlo Caccamo; Jean-Pierre Hansen; George Stell

Opis

The theory of simple and complex fluids has made considerable recent progress, due to the emergence of new concepts and theoretical tools, and also to the availability of a large body of new experimental data on increas- ingly complex systems, as well as far-reaching methodological developments in numerical simulations. This AS aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the most significant theoretical developments, supplemented by a few presentations of cutting-edge simulation and experimental work. The impact of the Institute in the overall landscape of Statistical Mechanics received an important recognition with its inclusion in the list of satellite events of STATPHYS20, the triennal international conference on Statistical Physics held in Paris in July 1998. These Proceedings contain the texts of the 13 Lecture Courses and 9 Invited Seminars delivered at Patti. Two clear trends emerge from these Proceedings: first, the diversity of new and unexpected theoretical results relating to classic models of liq- uids, which have recently been subjected to fresh scrutiny; and secondly the parallel emergence of new concepts, models and methods, aimed at investigating complex fluids and phenomena, like the phase behaviour of fluids in pores, macromolecular assemblies, and the glass transition. Many of the new tools have their roots in traditional liquid state theory, and, in conjunction with fresh input from related fields, allow it wider applicability.

Spis treści

Foreword. Charged and polar liquids, phase transitions and metastability. Understanding criticality: Simple fluids and ionic fluids; M.E. Fisher. Equation of state and critical behavior of simple fluid models; J.S. Høye. Phase separation and critical phenomena in simple fluids and in binary mixtures; L. Reatto. Critical behaviour of the restricted primitive model (RMP); D. Levesque. Phase diagram of dipolar hard-core molecule systems; D. Levesque. New results on some ionic-fluid problems; G. Stell. Fluids with internal degrees of freedom; F. Lado. Replica and glasses; G. Parisi. Nematic to smectic: A `hard' transition; Y. Martínez-Ratón, et al. Interfaces and confined fluids. Fluids in model pores or cavities: The influence of confinement on structure and phase behaviour. I. DFT for small systems: hard spheres in a spherical cavity; R. Evans. Fluids in model pores or cavities: The influence of confinement on structure and phase behaviour. II. Freezing and condensation transitions of confined fluids; R. Evans. Bulk and surface properties of dipolar fluids; B. Groh, S. Dietrich. Fluids in contract with structured substrates; S. Dietrich. Liquid state methods for disordered systems; M.L. Rosinberg. Inhomogeneous fluids in an external field; F. Lado, E. Lomba. Free energy density function from 0D cavities; P. Tarazona, Y. Rosenfeld. Geometrically based free energy functional for confined hard spheres and the density functional theory for simple classical systems; Y. Rosenfeld. Charge-stabilized colloids confined to a slit: A case for attraction between like charged particles; D. Goulding, J.-P. Hansen. Wetting phase transitions and petroleum reservoirs; J.O. Indekeu, et al.Complex fluids. Atomistic computer simulation studies of surfactant systems; S. Bandyopadhyay, et al. On effective interactions in colloidal physics; T. Biben. Theory and simulations of polymers at surfaces; A. Yethiraj. Static structure and chain conformations in polyelectrolyte solutions; A. Yethiraj. Theories of hydrophobic effects and the description of free volume in complex liquids; L.R. Pratt, et al. Theoretical and simulation study of model protein solutions; C. Caccamo, et al. Quantum fluids. Ab initio liquids: Simulating liquids based on first principles; D. Marx. Progress in the theory of inhomogeneous 4He; L. Reatto. Tight-binding lattice-gas model: Alkali fluids; M. Reinaldo-Falagan, et al. Current-density functional theory of time-dependent linear response in quantal fluids: Recent progress; M.P. Tosi, et al. Subject Index. List of participants.