Neutron Physics

ISBN-13: 9783642876165 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 444 str.

Karl-Heinrich Beckurts; Karl Wirtz; L. Dresner

Opis

This book is based upon a series of lectures I have occasionally given at the University of Gottingen since 1951. They were meant to introduce the students of experimental physics to the work in a neutron physics laboratory dealing with the problem of measuring neutron flux, diffusion length, Fermi age, effective neutron temperature, absorption cross sections and similar problems. Moreover, these lectures were intended to prepare the students for a subsequent lecture covering the physics of nuclear reactors. The original character of this series of lectures has been retained in the book. It is intended for use by students as well as anyone desiring to work on neutron physics measurements. The first half mainly covers the theory of neutron fields, i. e. essentially diffusion and slowing down theory. The second half is largely concerned with measurements in neutron fields. The appendix contains information and data which, in our experience, are frequently required in a neutron laboratory. The field of nuclear physics proper is briefly touched upon in the first two chapters, but only to the extent necessary for the understanding of the following chapters. The multitude of applications of neutron radiation has not been covered. The conclusion of this manuscript coincided with the end of my long period of activity with the Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik at Gottingen. To Professor HEISENBERG lowe thanks for his advice and suggestions for many of the subjects treated here.

Spis treści

I: Production and Nuclear Interaction of Neutrons.- 1. Physical Properties of the Neutron.- 2. Neutron Sources.- 3. Neutron Detectors.- 4. Measurement of Cross Sections.- II: The Theory of Neutron Fields.- 5. Neutron Fields ..- 6. Application of Elementary Diffusion Theory.- 7. Slowing Down.- 8. The Spatial Distribution of Moderated Neutrons.- 9. Time Dependence of the Slowing-Down and Diffusion Processes.- 10. Thermalization of Neutrons.- III: The Determination of Flux and Spectrum in a Neutron Field.- 11. Measurement of the Thermal Neutron Flux with Probes.- 12. Activation by Epithermal Neutrons.- 13. Threshold Detectors for Fast Neutrons.- 14. Standardization of Neutron Measurements.- 15. Investigation of the Energy Distribution of Slow Neutrons.- IV: The Determination of Neutron Transport Parameters.- 16. Slowing-Down Parameters.- 17. Investigation of the Diffusion of Thermal Neutrons by Stationary Methods.- 18. Investigation of the Diffusion, Absorption, and Thermalization of Neutrons by Non-Stationary Methods.- Append.- I. Table of Thermal Neutron Cross Sections of the Isotopes.- II. Table of Resonance Integrals for Infinitely Dilute Absorbers (from McArthy, Persiani et al.).- III. Table of the Functions En (x).- IV. Tables of the Functions ?0(#x 03BD;, ?) and ?1 (?, ?).- IV.1. Values of ?0 as a Function of ?and ?.- IV.2. Values of ?1 as a Function of ? and ?.- IV.3. Values of ?1/?0 as a Function of ? and ?.- V. Table of Time Factors.- VI. List of Symbols.- Subject-Index.