Neuroscience of Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

ISBN-13: 9781848729988 / Angielski / Twarda / 2013 / 374 str.

Belle Derks; Daan Scheepers; Naomi Ellemers

Opis

Psychological research on the origins and consequences of prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping has moved into previously uncharted directions through the introduction of neuroscientific measures. Psychologists can now address issues that are difficult to examine with traditional methodologies and monitor motivational and emotional as they develop during ongoing intergroup interactions, thus enabling the empirical investigation of the fundamental biological bases of prejudice. However, several very promising strands of research have largely developed independently of each other. By bringing together the work of leading prejudice researchers from across the world who have begun to study this field with different neuroscientific tools, this volume provides the first integrated view on the specific drawbacks and benefits of each type of measure, illuminates how standard paradigms in research on prejudice and intergroup relations can be adapted for the use of neuroscientific methods, and illustrates how different methodologies can complement each other and be combined to advance current insights into the nature of prejudice. This cutting-edge volume will be of interest to advanced undergraduates, graduates, and researchers students who study prejudice, intergroup relations, and social neuroscience.

Spis treści

Introduction and Overview. Part 1: Social Categorization: Responding to Others as Us vs. Them. T. Ito, The Neural Correlates of Social Categorization. B. Derks, Social Identity and Automatic Social Categorization. M. Zárate, Cerebral Hemispheric Asymmetries in Social Perception: Perceiving People as Individuals or Group Members. Part 2: From Identification to Intergroup Behavior. D. Scheepers, Social Identity Based Challenge and Threat. C. de Dreu, Oxytocin Promotes Intergroup Competition. S. Fiske, Social Neuroscience Evidence for Dehumanized Perception. Part 3: From Prejudice to Control. D. Amodio, Neural Mechanisms Underlying Prejudice Control. J. Richeson, How Interracial Interactions Deplete Attentional Resources. B. Bartholow, Stereotype Activation and Control of Race Bias: Cognitive Control of Inhibition and its Impairment by Alcohol. Part 4: The Target’s Perspective: Physiological Responses to Stigma. J. Blascovich, Challenge and Threat in Response to Stigma. B. Major, Worldview Disconfirmation is Stressful: Threat vs. Challenge in Response to Low Status. M. Inzlicht, Stigma Impairs the Neural Mechanisms Underlying Self-control. Part 5: Improving Inter-group Relations. W. Berry Mendes, Neuro-endocrine Stress Responses during Inter-group Interactions. N. Ellemers, Moral Accountability and Control of Implicit Prejudice. R. Mendoza-Denton, How Cross-racial Friendships Reduce Interracial Anxiety.