Table of Contents (revised after reviewer's comments and AE's recommendations): Part I - Foundations of Neuroinfection 1. Anatomical organization of CNS 2. The enteric nervous system's (ENS) impact on the neurobiology of infectious diseases 3. The role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis on the neurobiology of infectious diseases 4. The role and function of specialized blood-neuronal barriers: blood-CSF, blood-retinal, blood-spinal cord, blood-labyrinth, blood-nerve, and BBB barriers. 5. The glymphatic system: What is it, and its function on the neurobiology of infectious diseases? 6. Neuro-immune interactions in health and disease 7. The routes and mechanisms of microbial translocation to the CNS Part II - Bacterial Infections Of CNS 8. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Streptococcus pneumoniae 9. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Neisseria meningitidis 10. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis 11. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Neurosyphilis 12. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Lyme disease - Lyme Borreliosis 13. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Brucelosis 14. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Listeria monocytogenesis - Listeriosis 15. Sepsis-associated-encephalopathy: understanding the brain dysfunction in sepsis. Part III - Parasitic Infections Of CNS 16. Human trypanosomiasis: Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzes 17. Cerebral Malaria: understanding the parasite pathogenesis in the brain. 18. Neurocysticercosis and other CNS helminthic infections 19. Free-Living Ameba: the protozoa, the pathogenesis, and the CNS disease. 20. Pathophysiological mechanisms of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the CNS 21. Neurologic manifestations of Leishmania spp. Part IV - Virus Infections Of CNS 22. HIV-infected human brain: implications in HIV infection and immune response. 23. SARS-CoV-2 and nervous system: From pathogenesis to clinical manifestation. 24. Epstein-Barr virus infections of the central nervous system (CNS) 25. Herpes Simplex Virus, Varicella-zoster: infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). 26. Rhabdoviridae virus: infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). 27. Paramyxoviridae: infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). 28. Zika virus: infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). 29. Yellow Fever: infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). 30. Dengue Fever: infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). 31. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV): infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). 32. West Nile viruses: infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). 33. Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE) 34. La Crosse encephalitis and Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus: infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). 35. HTLVs: infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). 36. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV): infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS). Part V- Fungal Infections Of CNS 37. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Cryptococcus sp. 38. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Histoplasma capsulatum 39. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Hyphae - fungus 40. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Coccidioides sp. 41. Brain infections, encephalitis, and meningitis: Candida sp. Part VI - Proteins And Other Peripheral Mediators That Affect The CNS 42. CNS and Prions disease: a-synuclein, amyloid-ß, and others. 43. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Variant CJD, and Kuru Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr) 44. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), Sydenham chorea, PANDAS, and PANDAS variants.