Natural Kinds and Classification in Scientific Practice

ISBN-13: 9781848935402 / Angielski / Twarda / 2015 / 247 str.

Catherine Kendig

Opis

This edited volume of 13 new essays aims to turn past discussions of natural kinds on their head. Instead of presenting a metaphysical view of kinds based largely on an unempirical vantage point, it pursues questions of kindedness which take the use of kinds and activities of kinding in practice as significant in the articulation of them as kinds. The book brings philosophical study of current and historical episodes and case studies from various scientific disciplines to bear on natural kinds as traditionally conceived of within metaphysics. Focusing on these practices reveals the different knowledge-producing activities of kinding and processes involved in natural kind use, generation, and discovery. Specialists in their field, the esteemed group of contributors use diverse empirically responsive approaches to explore the nature of kindhood. This groundbreaking volume presents detailed case studies that exemplify kinding in use. Newly written for this volume, each chapter engages with the activities of kinding across a variety of disciplines. Chapter topics include the nature of kinds, kindhood, kinding, and kind-making in linguistics, chemical classification, neuroscience, gene and protein classification, colour theory in applied mathematics, homology in comparative biology, sex and gender identity theory, memory research, race, extended cognition, symbolic algebra, cartography, and geographic information science. The volume seeks to open up an as-yet unexplored area within the emerging field of philosophy of science in practice, and constitutes a valuable addition to the disciplines of philosophy and history of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

Spis treści

Preface  Editor’s Introduction: Activities of Kinding in Scientific Practice  PART I: Explaining Practices  1. Explanatory Strategies in Linguistic Practice 2. The Rising of Chemical Natural Kinds through Epistemic Iteration   3. Neuroscientific kinds through the Lens of Scientific Practice  PART II: Kinding and Classification  4. From a Zooming-in model to a Co-creation model: Towards a more Dynamic account of Classification and Kinds   5. Protein Tokens, Types, and Taxa   6. The Performative Construction of Natural Kinds: Mathematical Application as Practice   7. Homologizing as Kinding  PART III: The nature of natural kinds  8. Theorizing with a Purpose: The Many Kinds of Sex  9. Memory as a cognitive kind: Brains, remembering dyads, and Exograms  10. Genuine Kinds and Scientific Reality  PART IV: Shaping scientific disciplines  11. A Tale of two dilemmas: Cognitive kinds and the Extended Mind   12. Mathematical kinds? A case study in Nineteenth Century Symbolic Algebra  13. Mapping kinds in GIS and Cartography

O autorze

Catherine Kendig is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Missouri Western State University. She completed her PhD at the University of Exeter/ESRC Centre for Genomics in Society (Egenis) and her MSc in Philosophy and History of Science at King’s College London. Kendig has research interests in philosophy of scientific classification, natural kinds, philosophy of science in practice, synthetic biology, ethics of new and emerging technologies, and philosophy of race. Her work on these topics is published in Ratio, Science and Engineering Ethics, Science & Education, History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, and International Studies in the Philosophy of Science.