Natural Analogues in Radioactive Waste Disposal

ISBN-13: 9781853331053 / Angielski / Twarda / 1988 / 492 str.

B. Come; N. a. Chapman;Commission of the European Communities

Opis

In order to validate predictive models of the very long-term processes which affect the performance of radioactive waste repositories, there has been an increased interest in the information and understanding which can be obtained from studying similar mechanisms in natural systems. These "natural analogues," as they are known in the jargon of waste management, have been studied sporadically for many years, but there has been a considerable rejuvenation of interest in the last four years, possibly owing to the fact that performance assessment methodolo gy is gradually maturing to the point where it needs the kind of support which analogues can offer. Since 1982, the Commission of the European Communities has been involved in specific work on natural analogues in the framework of its activities on radioactive waste management, principally within the MIRAGE project which concerns migration of radionuclides in the geosphere. As a consequence, the Commission took the initiative, in 1985, of establish ing a Natural Analogue Working Group (NAWG) whose members can benefit from the overall expertise available for managing their own natural analogue research programmes. In this group, modeller' s requirements and the results of field research are exchanged at regular intervals. A number of wide-ranging investigation programmes, both on national and international scales. are currently underway or being initiated, and several of these have been discussed recently at the NAWG."

Spis treści

Session 1: Why Natural Analogues (Rationale and Key Areas of Need).- “Natural analogues and performance assessments: a point of view based on the PAGIS experience”.- “The role of natural analogues in safety assessment and acceptability”.- “Natural analogues and radionuclide transport model validation”.- “Application of natural analogues studies to the long-term prediction of far-field migration at repository sites”.- “Natural and archaeological analogues: a review”.- Session 2: Analogue Site Studies.- “Near-field analogue features from the Cigar Lake uranium deposit”.- “Sandstone uranium deposits: analogues for SURF disposal in some sedimentary rocks”.- “Alligator Rivers Analogue Project - Review of research and its implication for model validation”.- “Uranium in selected endorheic basins as partial analogue for spent fuel disposal in salt”.- “Natural analogues of radionuclide migration in sediments in Britain”.- “Biogechemical studies of the Ra, U, Th and REE deposit at Morro do Ferro: a qualitative application to improve confidence in radionuclide immobilisation processes”.- “The Poços de Caldas project feasibility study: 1986–1987”.- Session 3: Analogues for Waste Forms and Engineered Barriers.- “A 17th century bronze cannon as analogue for radioactive waste disposal”.- “Geochemical controls on the retention of fission products at the Oklo natural fission reactors”.- “The use of natural analogues in the long-term extrapolation of glass corrosion processes”.- “Glass stability in the marine environment”.- Session 4: Analogues of Processes Affecting Radionuclide Migration (Part 1).- “Testing geochemical models in a hyperalkaline environment”.- “Simulating the movement of radium and lead away from the Cigar Lake uranium deposit”.- “Hydrothermal alteration systems as analogues of nuclear waste repositories in granitic rocks”.- “Some geochemical and mineralogical peculiarities of deposits of radioactive material as evidence for radiolysis in Nature”.- “Evidence of fossil and recent diffusive element migration in reduction haloes from Permian red-beds of Northern Switzerland and UK”.- “Modelling isotope distributions in borecores”.- “Long-term solute diffusion in granitic blocks immersed in sea-water”.- “Element distribution across veins in the East Bull Lake gabbro anorthosite layered intrusion, Algoma district, Ontario - an evaluation of matrix diffusion”.- “Marysvale natural analogue study: feasibility phase results”.- Session 4: Analogues of Processes Affecting Radionuclide Migration (Part 2).- “Natural colloids and generation of actinide pseudocolloids in groundwater”.- “Natural analogue study of the distribution of uranium series radionuclides between the colloid and solute phases in the hydrogeological system of the Koongarra uranium deposit, N.T. Australia”.- “Colloid benchmark exercise: an interlaboratory study of sampling and characterization techniques for natural colloids in oxic groundwaters”.- “Application of open-system modelling to studies of secondary mineralization (KOONGARRA) and rock matrix diffusion (KRAKEMALA)”.- “A natural analogue for near-field behaviour in a high-level radioactive waste repository in salt: the Salton Sea geothermal field, California (USA)”.- “The geochemistry of natural technetium and plutonium”.- “The use of uranium series disequilibrium for site characterisation as an analogue for actinide migration”.- “Redistribution of natural Iodine 129 among mineral phases and groundwaters in the Koongarra uranium ore deposit, N.T. Australia”.- “Mechanisms and quantitative evaluations of radionuclide fixation in rocks and sediments”.- Session 5 (Panel): “How Far are Wewith Natural Analogous?”.- Poster Presentations.- “In-laboratory, on-site, in-situ sampling and characterization of GRIMSEL colloids - Phase I”.- “Hydrological studies and natural isotope data as indication for groundwater flow in deep sedimentary basins”.- “Natural mineral analogues from a hydrothermally altered granite”.- “A quantitative approach to exchange phenomena between low temperature hydrothermal solutions and granitic rocks: methodology and preliminary studies in the Entraygues granite”.- “Environmental tracers for validating predictive models”.- “Hydrothermal alteration in the AURIAT granite, Massif Central”.- “Natural analogue study of TONO sandstone type uranium deposit in Japan”.- “Natural analogue studies at GRIMSEL, Southern Switzerland”.- Displays - Slide Show.- List of Participants.