National Literacy Campaigns: Historical and Comparative Perspectives

ISBN-13: 9781489905079 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 322 str.

R. F. Arnove; H. J. Graff

Opis

We came to the task of editing this book from different disciplines and back- grounds but with a mutuality of interest in exploring the concept of literacy campaigns in historical and comparative perspective. One of us is a professor of comparative education who has participated in and written about literacy campaigns in Third World countries, notably Nicaragua; the other is a com- parative social historian who has written on literacy campaigns in Western his- tory. Both of us believed that literacy could only be understood in particular As Harvey Graff has noted, "to consider any of the ways in historical contexts. which literacy intersects 'with social, political, economic, cultural, or psychological life ... requires excursions into other records.") Thus, we have set out in this edited collection to explore some five hundred years of literacy campaigns in vastly different societies: Reformation Germany, early modern Sweden and Scotland, the nineteenth-century United States, nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Russia and the Soviet Union, pre- Revolutionary and Revolutionary China, and a variety of Third World countries in the post-World War II period (Tanzania, Cuba, Nicaragua, and India). In addition, we have included studies of the UNESCO-sponsored Experimental World Literacy Program and recent adult literacy efforts in three industrialized Western countries (the United Kingdom, France, and the United States).

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 2 Literacy Drives in Preindustrial Germany.- 3 The Literacy Campaign in Scotland, 1560–1803.- 4 Literacy Campaigns in Sweden.- 5 The Anatomy of Mass Literacy in Nineteenth-Century United States.- 6 Russian Literacy Campaigns, 1861–1939.- 7 Literacy Movements in Modern China.- 8 The 1961 National Cuban Literacy Campaign.- 9 The Experimental World Literary Program: A Unique International Effort Revisited.- 10 Tanzania’s Literacy Campaign in Historical-Structural Perspective.- 11 Adult Literacy for Development in India: An Analysis of Policy and Performance.- 12 The 1980 Nicaraguan National Literacy Crusade.- 13 Adult Literacy Policy in Industrialized Countries.