Mutation Breeding in Coffee with Special Reference to Leaf Rust Protocols

ISBN-13: 9783662672754 / Angielski

Ivan L. W. Ingelbrecht; Maria Do C?u Lavado Da Silva; Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak

Opis

This open access book is one of the most important cash crops and beverages globally. Coffea arabica L. (Arabica) accounts for about 60% of the world's coffee production. Coffee leaf rust (CLR), caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix, is the major disease affecting Arabica coffee resulting in losses of over $1 billion annually. The geographical distribution of CLR is expanding due to climate change. Moreover, the genetic improvement of Arabica coffee is constrained due to its very narrow genetic base. This protocol book introduces essential concepts of mutation breeding as an efficient tool to increase the genetic diversity of Arabica coffee and presents practical methods on mutation induction and screening for resistance to CLR. Current breeding approaches, challenges, and opportunities for Arabica coffee improvement are briefly reviewed, and a survey of common coffee diseases with emphasis on CLR is presented. Practical protocols for mutation induction and screening for resistance to CLR are described, including novel methods for single-cell mutagenesis using in vitro cell and tissue culture techniques and for genome-wide screening of induced mutations using genomics tools. Each protocol chapter has an introduction and is supported by example results. Given the impact of recent CLR epidemics on Arabica coffee production in Latin America, the book is intended to serve as a timely reference and guide for students and researchers in the agricultural sciences, plant pathologists and breeders, as well as growers and end-users interested in producing novel coffee genotypes for genetic studies, breeding, and commercial applications.

Spis treści

Introduction coffee breeding and challenges

Choice of materials for mutation induction in arabica coffee

Improved in-vitro establishment and germination of Coffea arabica seed

Induced mutagenesis in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) using chemical agents

Mutation induction using gamma irradiation and high frequency embryogenic callus from coffee (Coffea arabica)

Chemical mutagenesis of Coffea arabica mature seed using EMS

Physical mutagenesis of coffee seeds

In-vitro regeneration of Coffea arabica var. Venecia through somatic embryogenesis

Protocol on mutation induction in Coffea arabica using in vivo grafting and cuttings

Protocol on mutation induction in coffee using in vitro tissue cultures

Screening for resistance to coffee leaf rust

Protocol to send samples of coffee leaf rust to CIFC

Coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) inoculation and evaluation under laboratory conditions

Development of a PCR-Based Molecular Detection

Technique for the Early Diagnosis of Coffee Leaf

Rust Caused by Hemileia vastatrix

Protocols for chromosome preparations: molecular cytogenetics and studying genome organization in coffee

O autorze

Ivan L.W. Ingelbrecht is a Senior R&D Manager and Researcher in Plant Molecular Genetics and Breeding. He completed his PhD in Plant Molecular Biology at Ghent University, Belgium (1993). His career in international agricultural research began at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nigeria where he held successive positions as postdoc, Head of the Bioscience Laboratory and Coordinator of the Program on Biodiversity, Biotechnology and Breeding. He has worked as Intellectual Property Rights Liaison in the biotech company, CropDesign, Belgium. In 2016, he became Head of the Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory at the Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture at the International Atomic Energy Agency, Austria. As a Team Lead, he established projects on the genetic improvement of coffee, banana, cocoa, and cassava with support from leading development investors and institutions from Africa, Latin America, the USA, and Europe. His recent research is focused on precision breeding of coffee and banana for resistance to Coffee Leaf Rust and banana Fusarium Wilt through integrated cell culture, genomics, and induced mutagenesis. He frequently supervises students, has published over 80 original research papers, and co-edited four books in the field of biotechnology, genetics, and plant breeding. 

 

Maria do Céu Lavado da Silva is a Senior Researcher at the Coffee Rusts Research Center (CIFC), a Unit of Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon. She completed her Ph.D. degree in Agronomic Engineering (1996) at ISA. Her career began in 1984 at CIFC, developing activities on the cytology of plant-microbe interactions. She was awarded Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation Scholarships to the University of Toronto (1994) and Research Institute for Development in Montpellier (1995) and a Syngenta Award for Innovation in Agriculture in Portugal (2008). She has led the CIFC research team since 2004. She has coordinated and participated in several projects with Institutions from Europe and Coffee Growing Countries. She has published over 90 original research papers. She is regularly involved in international training and supervision of graduate students. She is Vice-President of the Portuguese Society of Plant Pathology, an editorial board member of the journal Agronomy, and a board member of ASIC- Association for Science and Information on Coffee. Her main research focus is on the characterization of mechanisms underlying coffee resistance and susceptibility to the fungi that cause leaf rust and coffee berry disease.

 

 

Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak is a plant molecular biologist and genome scientist with over 18 years’ experience in the field of molecular biology, genomics and crop improvement with the use of mutation breeding techniques. She holds a PhD in biological sciences from the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland. In 2019 she obtained a Habilitation degree in biology from the University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland for the work entitled “Techniques of induction and detection of genetic variability in functional genomics and breeding of plants of special importance in developing countries”. Her research interests focus on the development and adaptation of new tools, protocols and guidelines for mutation induction and discovery in various crops such as coffee. She has extensive experience with induced mutagenesis, in vitro tissue culture, and the application of genomics tools for mutation-assisted breeding. She established the first reverse genetics approach for a vegetatively propagated crop, banana showing that mutations are stably induced and inherited over successive generations. She has (co-) authored over 60 original research papers, monographs and book chapters as well as co-edited four protocol books.   

 

 

 

 

 

Blurb

 

This open-access book presents essential concepts and new, illustrated methods for mutation-assisted breeding of Coffea arabica L. (Arabica), one of the world's most important cash crops and beverages. Arabica coffee accounts for about 60% of the world's coffee production. Coffee leaf rust (CLR), caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix is the major disease affecting Arabica coffee resulting in losses of over $1 billion annually. The geographical distribution of CLR is expanding due to climate change. Moreover, the genetic improvement of Arabica coffee is constrained due to its very narrow genetic base. This protocol book covers practical methods to enhance genetic diversity in Arabica coffee through induced mutagenesis and for screening for resistance to CLR. Current breeding approaches, challenges, and opportunities for Arabica coffee improvement are briefly reviewed and a survey of common coffee diseases with emphasis on CLR is presented. Based on latest advances in science and technology, this book includes  novel methods for single-cell mutagenesis using in vitro cell and tissue culture techniques and for genome-wide screening of induced mutations using genomics tools. Each protocol chapter provides step-by-step illustrated methods supported by example results. Given the impact of recent CLR epidemics on Arabica coffee production in Latin America, the book is intended to serve as a timely reference and guide for students and researchers in the agricultural sciences, plant pathologists and breeders, as well as growers and end-users interested in producing novel coffee genotypes for genetic studies, breeding, and commercial applications.