Mustard Gas Toxicity

ISBN-13: 9781119109754 / Angielski / Twarda / 2018 / 400 str.

Mohammadali M. Shoja; Paul Agutter; R. Shane Tubbs

Opis

Despite international agreements to prohibit the use of chemical warfare agents, there is still significant concern over their use in different parts of the world. Moreover, the victims of earlier use continue to present a challenge to clinicians. Studies of the effects of mustard gas at the tissue, cell and molecular levels have thrown light on basic questions in biology, and these studies merit a comprehensive review. There are existing volumes on this topic and on related toxicological and ecotoxicological studies, but this proposed book is much more up to date and focuses specifically on the most widely-used chemical warfare agent (mustard gas, otherwise known as sulfur mustard). Also, the most relevant preceding volumes are outdated, not readily available, and broadly focused. By contrast, this title is more clearly focused on toxicological mechanisms, crucial as a basis for future developments in the field. The editors believe this book will provide a fully comprehensive view on mustard gas, with attention to recent developments, in a way other titles have not, filling a gap in literature on chemical warfare agents.

Spis treści

Working Table of Contents or Outline of contents

 

Mustard Gas Toxicity: Provisional Table of Contents

(Note that the chapters will be included under the below–mentioned sections or subsections. each section will begin with introductory, 5 to 10–page passage by the editors)

 

Preface

1.   Introduction

Historical survey covering the development of mustard gas (MG) and related compounds, their deployment in warfare, early and more studies on toxic mechanisms, early and more recent clinical experiences.

 

2.   Clinical aspects I: acute effects of MG poisoning

2.1  Lungs

2.2  Skin

2.3  Eyes

2.4  Other organs

 

3.   Clinical aspects II: chronic effects of MG poisoning

3.1  Lungs

3.2  Skin

3.3  Eyes

3.4  Immune system

3.5 Malignancies

3.6  Other organs

 

4.   General properties of MG and similar agents

4.1  Physical properties

4.2  General chemical properties

4.3  Biochemical effects

4.4  Pharmacodynamics

 

5.   Molecular mechanisms of toxicity

5.1  DNA damage and its consequences (PARP activation, the damage response network, stress genes, plasminogen activator)

5.2  Other mechanisms (protein cross–linking and cytoskeletal damage, oxidative stress, membrane damage, acute inflammatory response)

5.3  Consequences of TNF–alpha production (MAPK involvement, sphingomyelinase, nitric oxide, p53)

5.4  Cell death: mechanisms of apoptosis and necrosis

5.5  Involvement of reactive oxygen species and nuclear factor kappa–B

5.6  Other mechanisms

 

6.   Relationship of molecular mechanisms to clinical effects of MG toxicity

6.1  General principles

6.2  Lungs

6.3  Skin

6.4  Eyes

6.5  Immune system

6.6  Other organs

 

7.   Experimental models

 

8.   Prospects for prevention and treatment of MG toxicity

8.1  General principles

8.2  Lungs

8.3  Skin

8.4  Eyes

8.5  Other organs

 

References

Subject index