Mucosal Vaccines: Modern Concepts, Strategies, and Challenges

ISBN-13: 9783642236921 / Angielski / Twarda / 2012 / 198 str.

Pamela Kozlowski

Opis

This volume is focused on the development of vaccines which generate immune effectors capable of blocking mucosal entry or peripheral pathogen spread. A critical first step in the design of mucosal vaccines is the selection of administration route. Not all mucosal immunization routes are created equally when it comes to eliciting immune responses in multiple body compartments. This subject and situations when a mucosal route may not be required for vaccine delivery are reviewed here with an emphasis on the sublingual immunization route, which may offer a safer alternative to the nasal route for induction of broadly disseminated immune responses. External host defenses that inhibit entry of microorganisms at mucosal surfaces also pose obstacles to the efficient internalization of mucosally-applied vaccines. Transcutaneous immunization with appropriate adjuvants and permeation enhancers can induce mucosal immune responses and may be advantageous for bypassing these luminal barriers. Other chapters describe strategies for enhancing uptake of mucosal vaccines, for instance through targeted delivery to antigen-sampling M cells, construction of virus-like particles which mimic natural pathogens, addition of mucoadhesives or formulation as nanoparticles. Topics include edible vaccines as well as plant-based production of subunit or particulate vaccines that could be administered by any route. Dry powder vaccines that could be insufflated or directly applied to mucosal surfaces may be particularly ideal for mass vaccination in developing countries. The manufacture, stability and efficacy of powder formulations is comprehensively reviewed. We conclude with chapters on two of the greatest challenges facing mucosal vaccine development: human immunodeficiency virus and bioterrorist agents. This monograph highlights progress and information that should prove invaluable for the development of contemporary vaccines that prevent infection by these and other mucosal pathogens.

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"This is a neat little book giving a good overview of the world of mucosal vaccines. ... Each chapter has a comprehensive list of references and some pleasing figures ... . I would recommend that any institution working on vaccine development should invest in a copy. It would be particularly useful for a first year PhD student embarking on a vaccine development project." (Helen Ambrose, Microbiology Today, November, 2012)

Spis treści

Preface.- Mucosal Delivery Routes for Optimal Immunization: Targeting Immunity to the Right Tissues.- Mucosal Immune Responses Induced by Transcutaneous Vaccines.- M Cell-Targeted Vaccine Strategies.- Virus-Like Particles for Antigen Delivery at Mucosal Surfaces.- Recent Advances in Microparticle and Nanoparticle Delivery Vehicles for Mucosal Vaccination.- Plant-Derived Antigens as Mucosal Vaccines.- Dry Vaccines for Mucosal Administration: Critical Factors in Manufacture and Delivery.- Mucosal Immunity and HIV-1 Infection: Applications for Mucosal AIDS Vaccine Development.- Mucosal Vaccines for Biodefense.-Subject index.

Blurb

Most human pathogens utilize mucosal surfaces to access the host. This volume is focused on the development of vaccines which generate immune effectors capable of blocking mucosal entry or peripheral pathogen spread. A critical first step in the design of mucosal vaccines is the selection of administration route. Not all mucosal immunization routes are created equally when it comes to eliciting immune responses in multiple body compartments. This subject and situations when a mucosal route may not be required for vaccine delivery are reviewed here with an emphasis on the sublingual immunization route, which may offer a safer alternative to the nasal route for induction of broadly disseminated immune responses. External host defenses that inhibit entry of microorganisms at mucosal surfaces also pose obstacles to the efficient internalization of mucosally-applied vaccines. Transcutaneous immunization with appropriate adjuvants and permeation enhancers can induce mucosal immune responses and may be advantageous for bypassing these luminal barriers. Other chapters describe strategies for enhancing uptake of mucosal vaccines, for instance through targeted delivery to antigen-sampling M cells, construction of virus-like particles which mimic natural pathogens, addition of mucoadhesives or formulation as nanoparticles. Topics include edible vaccines as well as plant-based production of subunit or particulate vaccines that could be administered by any route. Dry powder vaccines that could be insufflated or directly applied to mucosal surfaces may be particularly ideal for mass vaccination in developing countries. The manufacture, stability and efficacy of powder formulations is comprehensively reviewed. We conclude with chapters on two of the greatest challenges facing mucosal vaccine development: human immunodeficiency virus and bioterrorist agents. This monograph highlights progress and information that should prove invaluable for the development of contemporary vaccines that prevent infection by these and other mucosal pathogens.