Mössbauer Spectroscopy of Environmental Materials and Their Industrial Utilization

ISBN-13: 9781402077265 / Angielski / Twarda / 2003 / 418 str.

Enver Murad; John Cashion; Landesamt Fuer Umwelt Bayerisches Landesamt Fuer Umwelt

Opis

Mossbauer Spectroscopy of Environmental Materials and their Industrial Utilization provides a description of the properties of materials formed on the earth's surface, their synthetic analogs where applicable, and the products of their modifications in the course of natural processes, such as weathering, or in industrial processing as reflected in their Mossbauer spectra. Particular emphasis is placed on the way in which these processes can be observed and elucidated through the use of Mossbauer spectroscopy. The first chapter covers the basic theory of the Mossbauer effect and Chapters 2 and 3 deal with the nuts and bolts of experimental Mossbauer spectroscopy. The principles of these first three chapters, illustrated with many case studies, are applied to different areas of interest in Chapters 4 through 12. The book is directed to a broad audience ranging from graduate students in environmental sciences or chemical engineering with little or no expertise in Mossbauer spectroscopy to researchers from other disciplines who are familiar with this technique but wish to learn more about possible applications to environmental materials and issues. "

Recenzje

From the reviews:

What is the niche for Mössbauer spectroscopy in the study of minerals and their products? Why is it currently under-utilized in areas such as mineral processing? These two questions, put by the authors in the introduction of the book, serve as a guiding line through all 12 chapters. The authors are well known researchers in the Mössbauer community.... The Data Analysis and Interpretation chapter is highly recommended reading for all Mössbauer spectroscopists working in any application area. The problems of ambiguity of spectra interpretation are usually under-addressed in publications.... Backed up by 966 references, 37 book references, 19 major review references, and 14 major conference proceedings, the book is also a valuable source of reference information.

From Mössbauer Spectroscopy Newsletter, June 2005 (Volume 28, Number 6)

"This book is devoted to ... the technique and practice of Mössbauer spectroscopy, and these alone make the book worth buying. For anyone wishing for an in-depth discussion of this technique ... this book will be invaluable. ... The applications presented are useful ... . This book will be most useful to mineralogists (and their students) ... . The background presented here will provide an excellent jumping-off point for further explorations into the many different applications of this technique." (M. Darby Dyar, American Mineralogist, Vol. 93, 2008)

Spis treści

-Introduction. List of Contents. Symbols and Abbreviations. Foreword. Acknowledgments. -1: Theory and Characteristics of the Mössbauer Effect. Theory of the Mössbauer Effect. Magnetism. Hyperfine Interactions. Relaxation Effects. Line Intensities. Diffusional Broadening. Mössbauer Spectroscopy in Mineralogy and Minerals Processing. Summary. -2: Mössbauer Instrumentation. General Considerations. Source and Reference Absorber. Conventional Spectrometers. Other Spectrometers. Sample Environment. Sample preparation. Summary. -3: Data Analysis and Interpretation. Fitting using Simple Lorentzians. Tests of Goodness of Fit. Convolution and Deconvolution. Thickness Effects and Recoilless Fraction. Fitting of Thickness Broadened Lines. Fitting of Lines Broadened by a Hyperfine Parameter Distribution. Magnetic Relaxation and Superparamagnetism. The Non Uniqueness Problem. Problems in Fitting and Interpretation. Presentation of Results. Summary. -4: Bulk and Clay Sized Phyllosilicates. 1:1 Minerals: Kaolinite. 2:1 Minerals: Illite. Montmorillonite. Nontronite. Summary. - 5: Iron Oxides and Oxyhydroxides. Anhydrous Oxides: Hematite. Magnetite. Maghemite. Oxyhydroxides: Goethite. Ferrihydrite. Summary. -6: Sediments. Terrestrial Sediments. Freshwater Sediments. Marine Sediments. Airborne Particles. Summary. -7: Soils and Clays. Soils. Clays. Summary. -8: Weathering. Silicate Weathering. Sulfide Weathering and Acid Mine Drainage. Summary. -9: Metastable Materials. Green Rusts. Fine Particle Magnetite. Anoxic Sediments. Fe2+ Sulfates Produced by Acid Mine Drainage. Summary. -10: Coal. Coal Characterization. Heat and Chemical Treatment. Hydroliquefaction. Summary. -11: ClayFiring. Individual Minerals: Kaolinite. Illite. Montmorillonite. Nontronite. Samples of Complex Mineralogy. Summary. -12: Mineral processing. Introduction. Iron Ores. Titanium Ores. Other Processing Operations Involving Iron. Gold. Summary. References. Index.