Motor Vehicle Science Part 2

ISBN-13: 9789400959453 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 398 str.

P. W. Kett

Opis

A motor vehicle technicigh has to attain high technological skills to enable him or her to diagnose faults and service transport vehicles and their components. Science is a branch of study concerned with the systematic investigation of observed facts, and forms an important foundation on which to build sound engineering practice. Such a background will stimulate personal development by increasing confidence and intellectual ability. This is the second of two books which have been planned to cover the TEe U77/413 and 415 Motor Vehicle Science II and III Model programmes of study. Part 2 covers the requirements of Motor Vehicle Science III. The fundamental principles of engineering science have been applied to the motor vehicle in a systematic and progressive manner to enable the reader to follow most of the work on his or her own initiative. Emphasis has again been placed on the provision of many fully worked examples, some having more than one method of solution. These together with a large number of exercise examples enable the student to improve subject knowledge and gain that vital confidence so necessary for examinations. The book is aimed mainly at the student who is attending a recognized college course leading to full Technician qualification. It is designed to become a valid source of information to assist the student both in and out of the classroom environment, but the importance of the college lecturer and his or her individual method of teaching the subject remains of prime importance to the student.

Spis treści

1. Materials (A).- 1.1 Heat treatment.- 1.2 Materials and testing.- 1.3 Metal fatigue.- 1.4 Safety factor.- 1.5 Shear strain.- 1.6 Punching holes in a material.- 1.7 Bending and torsion.- Exercises.- 2. Engine indicator diagrams (B2).- 2.1 Engine indicators.- 2.2 Converting an indicator diagram.- 2.3 Interpretation of indicator diagrams.- 3. Combustion processes (B3).- 3.1 Specific heat capacity of a gas.- 3.2 Expansion and compression of gases.- 3.3 Engine temperature and pressure calculations.- 3.4 Efficiency of an engine.- 3.5 General comparison between petrol and compression ignition engines.- 3.6 Octane rating.- 3.7 Cetane number and diesel index.- 3.8 Detonation.- 3.9 Fuel additives.- 3.10 Volumetric efficiency.- Exercises.- 4. Air-fuel ratios and exhaust products (B4).- 4.1 Air-fuel ratios: petrol engine.- 4.2 Air-fuel ratios: CI oil engine.- 4.3 Determination of air-fuel ratios.- 4.4 Mixture strength and side effects.- 4.5 Air-fuel ratio and power output.- 4.6 Combustion calculations.- 4.7 Consumption loop or hook curve.- Exercises.- 5. Archimedes’ Principle (B5).- 5.1 Hydrostatics and hydraulics.- 5.2 Archimedes’ principle.- 5.3 Floating bodies.- Exercises.- 6. Fluids and energy (B6).- 6.1 Pressure.- 6.2 The manometer.- 6.3 Energy of liquids.- 6.4 Bernoulli’s law.- 6.5 Quantity flow.- 6.6 The Venturi unit.- 6.7 Actual flow of liquids through an orifice.- 6.8 Gas velocities.- Exercises.- 7. Hydraulic mechanisms and machines (B7).- 7.1 Hydraulic machines.- 7.2 Hydraulic intensifier.- 7.3 Hydraulic brakes.- 7.4 The law of a machine.- Exercises.- 8. Variable torque, force and work done (C8).- 8.1 Variable torque.- 8.2 Work done.- 8.3 Couples.- Exercises.- 9. Angular motion (C9).- 9.1 Angular velocity and angular acceleration.- 9.2 Power.- Exercises.- 10. Inertia force, mass and acceleration (C10).- 10.1 Mass.- 10.2 Newton’s first and second laws of motion.- 10.3 Momentum.- 10.4 Braking efficiency and stopping distance.- 10.5 Newton’s third law of motion.- Exercises.- 11. Potential and kinetic energy (C11).- 11.1 Potential energy.- 11.2 Kinetic energy.- 11.3 Conservation of energy.- 11.4 Conservation of momentum.- 11.5 Energy loss when bodies collide.- 11.6 Moment of inertia.- 11.7 Kinetic energy of a rotating body.- 11.8 Radius of gyration.- Exercises.- 12. Tractive effort and tractive resistance (C12).- 12.1 Tractive effort.- 12.2 Tractive resistance.- 12.3 Undergeared and overgeared vehicles.- 12.4 Engine characteristics and gear ratios.- 12.5 Constant power and tractive-effort/road-speed curves.- 12.6 Data and methods for setting final drive and gearbox ratios.- Exercises.- 13. Centripetal force and balancing (C13).- 13.1 Centripetal acceleration.- 13.2 Centripetal and centrifugal force.- 13.3 Balancing of rotating masses.- 13.4 Piston movement and inertia.- 13.5 Engine balance.- Exercises.- 14. Stability of vehicles in curved paths (C14).- 14.1 Vehicle on curved level road.- 14.2 Vehicle on curved banked track.- 14.3 Vehicle on a reversed banked track.- 14.4 Arched or hump-back bridges.- 14.5 Road dip or depression.- Exercises.- 15. Transference of wheel loading (C15).- 15.1 Vehicle weight transfer: retardation.- 15.2 Vehicle weight transfer: acceleration.- 15.3 Maximum possible acceleration: level road.- 15.4 Transferred weight: vehicle in curved path.- Exercises.- 16. Simple harmonic motion (C16).- 16.1 The conical pendulum.- 16.2 The Watt centrifugal governor.- 16.3 The simple pendulum.- Exercises.- 17. Relative velocity (C17).- 17.1 Definition and diagrams.- 17.2 Angular velocity of a link or lever.- 17.3 Relative velocity of points on a wheel.- Exercises.- Answers to Exercises.