Money and Economic Growth

ISBN-13: 9781461342427 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 216 str.

J. J. Sijben

Opis

In monetary theory the paramount problem posed by many eco- nomists was always whether monetary variables had a certain influence on the real variables in the economy, so that money would not be neutral but influence the economic process. In this way the outcome would differ from that of a barter economy. The outcome of this development was that money could no longer be regarded as an accommodating item like in many out-dated text-books but as an autonomous factor, the influence of which is explicitly ana- lyzed. When, after the Second World War, the 'real' side of eco- nomics developed into growth economics, it was quite natural that efforts were made to integrate both lines of thought so that the effect of the rate of increase of money on the rate of growth of real national income could be studied. Dr. Sijben gives the full and thorough story of these efforts in a way that enables economists to compare the different approaches more easily than was possible up to now. More specifically the various models are made comparable by the use of the same sym- bols for the same variables allover the book. After the introductory chapter Tobin's outside-money model in a neo-classical framework is discussed. What is income in this respect? Tobin argues that real disposable income is real net national income plus the real value of the increase in monetary balances.

Spis treści

1. General introduction to the monetary growth theory.- 2. The neo-classical monetary growth theory.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Tobin’s monetary growth theory (implications of the asset-structure).- 2.3. The implications of real cash-balances as a consumer good.- 2.3.1. Immaterial consumption of real cash-balances.- 2.3.2. Influence of the immaterial consumption-effect according to Johnson.- 2.3.3. Levhari and Patinkin’s analysis.- 2.3.3.1. Influence of the rate of monetary growth on the equilibrium value of capital intensity.- 2.3.3.2. Influence of the rate of monetary growth on the equilibrium value of real cash-balances per head.- 2.3.3.3. Monetary neutrality in a growing economy.- 2.4. The implications of real cash-balances as a producer good.- 2.4.1. The productive services of real cash-balances.- 2.4.2. Influence of a change in the rate of monetary expansion.- 2.5. The stability of the neo-classical monetary growth model.- 3. The Keynes-Wicksell monetary growth theory.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. Suppositions.- 3.3. The short-term model.- 3.3.1. The IS-FM equilibrium.- 3.3.2. The influence of a change in the rate of monetary expansion.- 3.4. Long-term equilibrium analysis.- 3.4.1. The relation between the rate of inflation and the nominal rate of interest.- 3.4.2. A change in the real cash-balances.- 3.4.3. A change in the expected rate of inflation.- 3.4.4. A change in the labour-capital ratio.- 3.5. Influence of a change in the rate of monetary expansion.- 3.5.1. Algebraic formulation.- 3.5.2. A verbal interpretation.- 4. A synthesis of the neo-classical and the Keynes-Wicksell monetary growth theories.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. The modified price change equation.- 4.3. Long-term equilibrium analysis.- 4.3.1. An algebraic formulation of equilibrium.- 4.3.2. A graphical interpretation of equilibrium.- 4.3.3. Influence of a change in the rate of monetary expansion.- 4.4. Short-term dynamic analysis.- 4.5. The rate of inflation and the nominal rate of interest.- 4.5.1. The Gibson-paradox.- 4.5.2. Empirical results.- 5. Evaluation, summary and conclusions.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Money from a medium of exchange to an asset.- 5.3. A critical analysis of the present monetary growth theory.- 5.4. Suggestions for extension of the present monetary growth theory.- Appendices.- List of symbols.