Introduction: transnational world and Indian Punjab: contemporary issues S. Irudaya Rajan, Aswini Kumar Nanda and V. J. Varghese; Part I. A Historical Survey: 1. Punjabis in America Bruce La Brack; 2. Punjabi–Sikh migration: Latin America: a geographic profile Swarn Singh Kahlon; 3. Punjabis/Sikhs in Canada Usha George and Ferzana Chaze; 4. Punjabi migration, settlement and experience in the UK Shinder S. Thandi; Part II. Shifting Contours of Migration: 5. Ziddi Mundeh: political asylum, transnational movement and the migrations of men Radhika Chopra; 6. Punjabi illegal migrants in France: tales of suffering, invisibility and marginalization Nisha Kirpalani, Christine Moliner and Saad Muhammad; 7. Migration as a transnational enterprise: migrations from Eastern Punjab and the question of social licitness V. J. Varghese and S. Irudaya Rajan; Part III. Social Structures and Organizational Links: 8. The ambiguity of Punjabi transnationalism: caste and development within a transnational community Steve Taylor, Manjit Singh and Deborah Booth; 9. Punjabi diasporas: conceptualizing and evaluating impacts of diaspora: homeland linkages Shinder S. Thandi; 10. Punjabi immigrant organizations in the UK and their transnational connections Thomas Lacroix; Part IV. Education and Migration: 11. Sending children 'back home' for their (mis)education Kaveri Qureshi; 12. Transnational health institutions, global nursing care chains, and the internationalization of nurse education in Punjab Margaret Walton-Roberts; Part V. Family Networks: 13. Punjabis in Italy: the role of ethnic and family networks in immigration and economic integration Barbara Bertolani; 14. Gender, the life course and homemaking across Tanzania, Britain and Indian Punjab Kanwal Mand; 15. Intergenerational tensions and cultural reproduction in a Punjabi community in England Neelu Kang.