Microbial Plant Pathogens-Detection and Disease Diagnosis:: Bacterial and Phytoplasmal Pathogens, Vol.2

ISBN-13: 9789400790025 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 256 str.

P Narayanasamy (Tamil Nadu Agricultural

Opis

Microbial plant pathogens causing qualitative and quantitative losses in all corps are present not only in the infected plants, but also in the environmental comprising of soil, water and air. The vectors present in the environment spread the microbial pathogens to short and/or long distances. Detection of microbial pathogens rapidly and reliably by employing suitable sensitive applicable for different ecosystems. The pathogens have to be identified precisely and differentiated and quantified to plan appropriate short- and long-term strategies to contain the incidence and spread of diseases induced by them. This book aims to present all relevant and latest information on the detection techniques based on the biological, biochemical, immunological and nucleic acid characteristics of microbial pathogens presents in the host plants, as well as in the natural substrates that support the survival and perpetuation of the pathogens.

Spis treści

Volume 2 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1. Microbial plant pathogens as a major limiting factor of crop production 1.2. Discovery of bacteria as plant pathogens 1.3. Detection of bacterial and phytoplasmal pathogens and disease diagnosis References Chapter 2 Detection of Bacterial and Phytoplasmal Pathogens in Plants 2.1 Detection of bacterial pathogens in plant organs 2.1.1 Biological methods 2.1.2 Biochemical methods 2.1.3 Immunoassays 2.1.4 Nucleic acid-based techniques 2.2 Detection of phytoplasmal pathogens in plant organs 2.2.1 Histochemical methods 2.2.2 Immunoassays 2.2.3 Nucleic acid-based techniques 2.3 Detection of bacterial pathogens in seeds and planting materials 2.3.1 Detection of bacterial pathogens in seeds 2.3.2 Detection of bacterial pathogens in planting materials 2.3.3 Detection of bacterial pathogens in postharvest produce 2.4 Detection of phytoplasmal pathogens in planting materials Appendix References 3. Detection of Bacterial and Phytoplasmal Pathogens in the Environment 3.1 Detection of bacterial pathogens in environment 3.1.1 Detection of bacterial pathogens in soil 3.1.2 Detection of bacterial pathogens in water 3.1.3 Detection of bacterial pathogens in air 3.1.4 Detection of bacterial pathogens in alternative host plants 3.1.5 Detection of bacterial pathogens in vector insects 3.2 Detection of phytoplasmal pathogens in environment 3.2.1 Detection of phytoplasmal pathogens in alternative host plants 3.2.2 Detection of phytoplasma pathogens in insect vectors Appendix References Chapter 4 Assessment of Variability in Bacterial and Phytoplasmal Plant Pathogens 4.1 Assessment of variability in bacterial pathogens 4.1.1 Assessment of variations in pathogenicity 4.1.2 Assessment of variations in phage sensitivity 4.1.3 Assessment of variations in cultural characteristics 4.1.4 Assessment of variations in biochemical characteristics 4.1.5 Assessment of variations in immunological characteristics 4.1.6 Assessment of variations in genomic nucleic acid characteristics 4.1.7 Assessment of variations in resistance to chemicals 4.2 Assessment of variability in phytoplasmal pathogens 4.2.1 Assessment of variations in immunological characteristics 4.2.2 Assessment of variations in genomic nucleic acid characteristics Appendix References Chapter 5 Diagnosis of Bacterial and Phytoplasmal Diseases 5.1 Choice of diagnostic tests for bacterial diseases 5.1.1 Conventional techniques 5.1.2 Biochemical tests 5.1.3 Immunoassays 5.1.4 Nucleic acid-based techniques 5.2 Choice of diagnostic tests for phytoplasmal diseases 5.2.1 Biological methods 5.2.2 Nucleic acid-based techniques 5.3 Agencies involved in disease diagnosis 5.3.1 Disease diagnostic centers 5.3.2 Plant quarantines References

Blurb

The bacterial and wall-less phytoplasamal pathogens are comparatively much smaller than fungal pathogens. The morphological characteristics of bacterial pathogens have limited application for their detection and identification. Hence, cultural, biochemical and physiological characteristics have to be determined for the detection and identification of bacteria up to generic/species level. Immunoassays have been shown to be highly efficient for detection, identification and differentiation of isolates, strains and/ or pathovars of bacterial species. Application of various nucleic acid-based techniques based on hybridization of probes with complementary sequences of target bacterial pathogen DNA and / or amplification of unique sequences of the target bacterial species has been demonstrated to yield reliable and reproducible results rapidly. The nonculturable phytoplasmas have to be detected in plants, planting materials and the vectors involved in the transmission of these disease-causing agents from plant to plant. They have been identified and classified primarily based on the techniques based on the genomic nucleic acid characteristics. The comprehensive information presented in this volume, following extensive literature search is aimed to provide all that is required by the researchers, teachers and students of various disciplines of biological sciences, in addition to the extension pathologists, and personnel of plant quarantines and certification programs. The inclusion of a wide range of protocols is the unique feature of this volume enabling the scientists to choose the methods for their investigations.