Methane Conversion by Oxidative Processes: Fundamental and Engineering Aspects

ISBN-13: 9789401574518 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 548 str.

D. Ed. Wolf

Opis

A reasonable case could be made that the scientific interest in catalytic oxidation was the basis for the recognition of the phenomenon of catalysis. Davy, in his attempt in 1817 to understand the science associated with the safety lamp he had invented a few years earlier, undertook a series of studies that led him to make the observation that a jet of gas, primarily methane, would cause a platinum wire to continue to glow even though the flame was extinguished and there was no visible flame. Dobereiner reported in 1823 the results of a similar investigation and observed that spongy platina would cause the ignition of a stream of hydrogen in air. Based on this observation Dobereiner invented the first lighter. His lighter employed hydrogen (generated from zinc and sulfuric acid) which passed over finely divided platinum and which ignited the gas. Thousands of these lighters were used over a number of years. Dobereiner refused to file a patent for his lighter, commenting that "I love science more than money." Davy thought the action of platinum was the result of heat while Dobereiner believed the ~ffect ~as a manifestation of electricity. Faraday became interested in the subject and published a paper on it in 1834; he concluded that the cause for this reaction was similar to other reactions.

Spis treści

Preface. Fundamentals. Formation and reactions of methyl radicals over metal oxides catalysts. The role of gas phase reactions during methane oxidative coupling. Partial oxidation of methane over metal oxides, reaction mechanism, and active oxygen species. The oxidative coupling of methane - reaction pathways and their process implications. The role of lattice oxygen in the oxidative coupling of methane. The development of a doped LI-MGO catalysis system for the low temperature oxidative coupling of methane on oxide catalysts. Elementary reactions and kinetic modeling of the oxidative coupling of methane. Mechanism of co-oxidative methane dimerization catalysis - kinetics and thermodynamic aspects. Morphological aspects of catalysts for oxidative coupling of methane. Basic solids as catalysts for the oxidative coupling of methane. The direct conversion of methane to methanol (DMTM). Engineering aspects. The OXCO process - the direct conversion of natural gas to olefins and liquid fuels using fluidized bed technology. Direct conversion of methane to C2 and liquid fuels. Process economics. Direct methane conversion by oxidative processes - fundamental and engineering aspects. Summary.