Metaphor and Thought

ISBN-13: 9780521405614 / Angielski / Miękka / 1993 / 696 str.

Andrew Ortony

Opis

Metaphor and Thought reflects the surge of interest in and research into the nature and function of metaphor in language and thought. Philosophers, psychologists, linguists, and educators raise serious questions about the viability of the traditional distinction between the literal and the metaphorical, discussing problems ranging from the definition of metaphor to its role in language acquistion, learning, scientific thinking, and the creation of social policy. In the second edition, the contributors have updated their original essays to reflect changes in their fields. The volume also includes six new chapters that present important and influential new ideas about metaphor that have appeared in such fields as the philosophy of language and the philosophy of science, linguistics, cognitive and clinical psychology, education, and artificial intelligence. The book will serve as an excellent graduate-level textbook in cognitive psychology, linguistics, and artificial intelligence.

Recenzje

"Ortony and others involved in this project are to be congratulated...this volume is a persuasive demonstration that for the theories of language, communication, and cognition, an adequate account of metaphor is a necessity and no mere nicety." Canadian Journal of Philosophy

Spis treści

Preface to first edition; Preface; List of contributors; 1. Metaphor, language and thought ANDREW ORTONY; Part I. Metaphor and Meaning: 2. More about metaphor Max Black; Figurative speech and linguistics Jerrold M. Saddock; The semantics of metaphor L. Jonathan Cohen; Some problems with the notion of literal meanings David E. Rumelhart; Metaphor John R. Searle; Language, concepts, and worlds: Three domains of metaphor Samuel R. Levin; Observations on the pragmatics of metaphor Jerry L. Morgan; Part II. Metaphor and Representation: Generative metaphor: A perspective on problem-setting in social policy Donald A. Schon; The conduit metaphor: A case of frame conflict in our language about language Michael J. Reddy; The contemporary theory of metaphor George Lakoff; Process and products in making sense of tropes Raymond W. Gibbs, Jr; Metaphor, induction, and social policy: The Convergence of macroscopic and microscopic views Robert J. Sternberg, Roger Tourangeau, and Georgia; Part III. Metaphor and Understanding: Psychological processes in metaphor comprehension and memory Allan Paivio and Mary Walsh; The interpretation of novel metaphors Bruce Fraser; The role of similarity in similes and metaphors Andrew Ortony; Images and models, Similes and Metaphors George A. Miller; How Metaphors Work Sam Glucksberg and Boaz Keysar; Metaphor and irony: two levels of understanding Ellen Winner and Howard Gardner; Part IV. Metaphor and Science: The shift from metaphor to analogy in western science Dedre Gentner and Michael Jeziorski; Metaphor and theory change: What is 'metaphor' a metaphor for? Richard Boyd; Metaphor in science Thomas S. Kuhn; Metaphorical imprecision and the 'top-down' research strategy Zenon W. Pylyshyn; Part V. Metaphor and Education: The instructive metaphor: metaphoric aids to students' understanding of science Richard E. Mayer; Metaphor and learning Hugh G. Petrie and Rebecca S. Oshlag; Learning without metaphor Thomas F. Green; Educational uses of metaphor Thomas G. Sticht; References; Index.