Medicinal and Aromatic Plants IV

ISBN-13: 9783642770067 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 443 str.

Opis

Recently, the pharmaceutical industry has shown considerable interest in the en masse micropropagation of elite plants, and the large-scale produc tion of secondary metabolites in plant cell cultures through the use of bioreactors. This is now being realized by the selection of high-yielding somac1ones or through the production of hairy roots by transformation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. These new developments need to be high-lighted and brought to the attention of workers dealing with medicinal, aromatic, and other plants of industrial importance. A series of books on the biotech nology of medicinal and aromatic plants is therefore being compiled to provide a survey of the literature focusing on recent information and the state of the art. This book, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants IV, like the previous three volumes (Medicinal and Aromatic Plants I, II, and III, published in 1988, 1989, and 1991, respectively) is unique in its approach. It comprises 28 chapters dealing with the distribution, economic importance, conventional propagation, review of tissue culture studies, and the in vitro production of important medicinal and pharmaceutical compounds in various species of Ammi, Bergenia, Canavalia, Capsicum, Cassia, Cephaelis, Cornus, Cucurbita, Elettaria, Eupatorium, Genipa, Gentiana, Gypsophila, Hygrophila, Leon topodium, Nerium, Picrasma, Polygonum, Ptelea, Rheum, Scopolia, Silene, Solanum, Strophanthus, Tagetes, Thymus, and Uncaria. This book is tailored to the needs of advanced students, teachers, and research workers in the fields of plant biotechnology and chemical engineer ing, pharmacy, botany, and phytochemistry."

Spis treści

I Ammi majus L. (Bishop’s Weed): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Coumarin Compounds.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocol.- References.- II Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch (Bergenia): Micropropagation and Arbutin Contents.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospectives.- References.- III Canavalia enisformis L. DC (Jackbean): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Canavanine.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Toxic Components of the Seed.- 3 Inactivation of Antimetabolites.- 4 Conventional Practices for Its Propagation.- 5 In Vitro Approaches.- 6 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- IV Capsicum spp. (Peppers): In Vitro Production of Capsaicin.- 1 General Account.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocol.- References.- V Cassia didymobotrya (Wild Senna): In Vitro Culture, Biotransformation and the Production of Secondary Metabolites.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Summary and Conclusion.- 4 Protocol.- References.- VI Cephaelis ipecacuanha A. Richard (Brazilian Ipecac): Micropropagation and the Production of Emetine and Cephaeline.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocols for Micropropagation and Production of Alkaloids.- References.- VII Cornus officinalis: In Vitro Culture and the Production of Gallotannins.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- VIII Cucurbita pepo (Pumpkin): In Vitro Production of Ascorbate Oxidase.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocol for Ascorbate Oxidase Production by Cultured Pumpkin Cells.- References.- IX Elettaria cardamomum Maton (Cardomom): Aromatic Compounds, in Vitro Culture Studies, and Clonal Propagation.- 1 General Account.- 2 Medicinal Importance and Secondary Metabolites.- 3 In Vitro Culture Studies.- 4 Conclusions.- 5 Protocol for Callusing and Caulogenesis.- References.- X Eupatorium cannabinum L. (Hemp Agrimony): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Benzofurans.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions.- 4 Protocol.- References.- XI Genipa americana L. (Marmalade Box): In Vitro Production of Iridoid Glucosides.- 1 General Account.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects for Commercial Use.- 4 Protocol.- References.- XII Gentiana Species: In Vitro Culture, Regeneration, and Production of Secoiridoid Glucosides.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Protocol.- 4 Conclusion and Prospects.- References.- XIII Gypsophila paniculata L. (Baby’s Breath): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Gypsogenin Saponins.- 1 General Account.- 2 In Vitro Culture of G. paniculata.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocol.- References.- XIV Hygrophila erecta: In Vitro Culture and the Production of Verbascoside.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Distribution and Importance of the Plant.- 3 In Vitro Approaches.- 4 Conclusion.- 5 Protocol.- References.- XV Leontopodium alpinum Cass. (Edelweiss): In Vitro Culture, Micropropagation, and the Production of Secondary Metabolites.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocol.- References.- XVI Nerium spp.: In Vitro Culture and the Production of Secondary Metabolites.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Main Components of Nerium spp..- 3 Cell Cultures of Nerium spp..- 4 Summary.- 5 Protocol.- References.- XVII Picrasma quassioides Bennet (Japanese Quassia Tree): In Vitro Culture and Production of Quassin.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- XVIII Polygonum hydropiper L. (Water Pepper): In Vitro Culture and the Production of the Aphid-Antifeedant Polygodial.- 1 General Account.- 2 Biotechnological Approaches.- 3 Conclusions.- 4 Protocol.- References.- XIX Ptelea trifoliata (Quinine Tree, Hop Tree): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Alkaloids and Medicinal Compounds.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocol.- References.- XX Rheum Species (Rhubarb): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Sennosides.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Quantitative Analysis of Sennosides in Rhubarb by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).- 3 Tissue Culture of Rhubarb for the Production of Sennosides.- 4 Summary and Conclusion.- References.- XXI Scopolia spp.: In Vitro Culture and the Production of Scopolamine and Hyoscyamine.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture Studies.- 3 Protocol.- 4 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- XXII Silene alba (White Campion): In Vitro Culture and Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids Biotransformation.- 1 Botany and Phytochemistry of Silene alba.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- XXIII Solanum dulcamara L. (Bittersweet): Accumulation of Steroidal Alkaloids in the Plant and in Different in Vitro Systems.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture.- 3 Conclusion.- 4 Protocol.- References.- XXIV Solanum glaucophyllum Desf. (Duraznillo Blanco): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Steroidal Secondary Metabolites.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocol.- References.- XXV Strophanthus Species (Members of the Dogbane Family): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Cardenolides.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocol.- References.- XXVI Tagetes spp. (Marigolds): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Thiophenes.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Characteristics of Tagetes Plants.- 3 Thiophenes.- 4 In Vitro Culture of Tagetes.- 5 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- XXVII xThymus vulgaris L. (Thyme): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Secondary Metabolites.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Production of Secondary Metabolites in T. vulgaris L..- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- XXVIII Uncaria elliptica: In Vitro Culture and the Production of Epicatechin and Rutin.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Plant Propagation.- 3 Production of Rutin and (—)-Epicatechin.- 4 Establishment of Callus Culture and the Production of Rutin and Epicatechin.- 5 Summary and Conclusion.- References.