Medical Devices and Biomaterials for the Developing World: Case Studies in Ghana and Nicaragua

ISBN-13: 9781461447580 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 112 str.

Sujata K. Bhatia; Olumurejiwa A. Fatunde

Opis

This book focuses on the adoption of medical technology in the developing world, and the role that can be played by new biomaterials. These authors urge that advanced technology be aligned with the needs of developing and emerging markets, and an alternative definition of technology be embraced. This "new technology" considers natural sources of materials and tools for treatment and is not restricted to the usual traditional computerized or electronic technology.
This book explores the difficulties that accompany successful transfer of technologies between disparate settings. The book then leaves the world of traditional technology and focuses on biomaterials, which represent an enormous opportunity for developing societies to become active participants in the development of new technologies. Biomaterials can be used in the treatment of disease throughout the developing world and beyond. Biomaterials encompass a range of naturally derived substances; of particular interest here are naturally derived and synthetically manufactured materials with potential applications in different body systems. Because many of these materials can be grown, the agricultural output of developing nations is an obvious potential source of these biomaterials. The book considers the cases of Ghana and Nicaragua as examples of the broader situation in West Africa and Central/South America. These two regions are uniquely positioned with regard to both health care and technological capabilities, and both stand to grow significantly in the coming years. While the agricultural sectors of the two nations are quite different, both are major producers of corn and other materials that should be investigated further. Of course, the difficulty in using a foodstuff for medical purposes is fully explored.

Spis treści

Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Case study of Ghana Chapter 3. Case study of Nicaragua Chapter 4. Corn and soy-derived materials: Properties and potential clinical applications Chapter 5. Feasibility study of corn- and soy-derived materials Chapter 6. Discussion, recommendations, and conclusion Appendix A: Images from health facilities in Nicaragua Appendix B: Medical technology score Appendix C: Calculation of the essentiality score Appendix D: Visual cytotoxicity ratings Bibliography

O autorze

Prof. Sujata Bhatia is Assistant Director for Undergraduate Studies in Biomedical Engineering at Harvard University.

Olumurejiwa Fatunde is a graduate student in International Health Policy at the London School of Economics. She  graduated from Harvard University with an AB in biomedical engineering.

Blurb

Medical Devices and Biomaterials for the Developing World focuses on the adoption of medical technology in the developing world, specifically focusing on the the role that new biomaterials can play. It explores the difficulties that accompany the successful transfer of technologies between disparate settings, focusing on the cases of Ghana and Nicaragua as examples of the broader situations in West Africa and Central and South America. These two regions are uniquely positioned with regard to health care and technological capabilities, and both stand to grow significantly in the coming years.

Biomaterials represent an enormous opportunity for developing societies to become active participants in the development of new technologies, and can be used in the treatment of diseases throughout the developing world and beyond. The authors of this book argue that advanced technology should be aligned with the needs of developing and emerging markets, and that an alternative definition of technology should be embraced: one that considers natural sources for materials and tools for treatment, and that is not restricted to traditional computerized and electronic technologies.