Mechanisms of Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity

ISBN-13: 9781468489613 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 597 str.

William R. Clark

Opis

The First International Workshop on Mechanisms in Cell-Mediated Cytoxicity was held at Carry-Ie-Rouet, France, September 14-16, 1981. The Workshop brought together for the first time leading investiga- tors in each of the principal areas of cell-mediated cytotoxicity, as well as experts in the area of complement-mediated cytoxicity. Formal research presentations were held to a minimum, the emphasis being on open discussion of current knowledge about mechanisms of cytoxicity in each of the systems under consideration. The major objectives of the Workshop were 1) to compare and integrate what is known about the mechanism(s) of cytoxicity in each system; 2) to determine whether, on the basis of information in hand, it seems likely that the mechanisms of cytotoxicity in the various systems are the same or are unique; and 3) to stimulate thinking about new approaches to elucidating the fundamental mechanisms by which certain cells are able to kill other cells.

Spis treści

Section I. Lysis by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes: Morphological and Physiological Aspects.- Morphological Aspects of Lymphocyte Mediated Cytotoxicity.- Role of Cell Motility In the Activity of Cytolytic T Lymphocytes.- Discussion.- Cytolytic T Lymphocyte Recognition of Subcellular Antigen.- T Lymphocyte-Mediated Cytolysls - A Comprehensive Theory. I. The Mechanism of CTL — Mediated Cytolysls.- T Lymphocyte-Mediated Cytolysls — A Comprehensive Theory. IT. Lytic vs. Nonlytic Interactions of T Lymphocytes.- Discussion.- Studies on the Mechanism of Lectin-Dependent T Cell- Mediated Cytolysls: Use of Lens cullnarls Hemagglutinin A to Define the Role of Lectin.- Effects of Concanavalin A Pretreatment on Cloned Cytolytic T Cells.- Sequential Analysis of T Cell-Mediated Cytolysis: A Brief Reminder of Some Possibly Informative Markers at the Recognition and Lethal Hit Stages.- Discussion.- The Role of Calcium in the Lethal Hit of T Lymphocyte-Mediated Cytolysis.- Discussion.- Direct Analysis of Individual Killer T Cells: Susceptibility of Target Cells to Lysis and Secretion of Hydrolytic Enzjrmes by CTL.- Discussion.- The Differences in Receptor Cross Reactivity and Clonal Structure between Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes, Specific Suppressor T Cells and Memory T Cells Immune to Antigens of the H-2 Complex.- Section II. Lysis by Non-T Cells and by Complement.- Complement.- Membrane Attack by Complement (With Commen t s on Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity).- Discussion.- ADCC.- Lymphocyte Mediated Cytolysis as a Secretory Phmiomenon.- Discussion.- Associative Recognition in ADCC.- Influence of Monovalent Cation Concentrations on Monocyte-Mediated ADCC.- Discussion.- MØCC.- Mechanisms of Macrophage-Mediated Tumor Cytolysis.- Discussion.- Activated Macrophage Mediated Cytotoxicity for Transformed Target Cells.- Discussion.- NKCC.- Overview on NK Cells and Possible Mechanisms for Their Cytotoxic Activity.- Distinctions between NK Cells and CTL.- A Search for Target Cell Structures Associated with Susceptibility to NK Cells.- Discussion.- Cell Surface Properties Influencing Target Cell Sensitivity for NK Lysis.- Discussion.- Soluble Cytotoxic Factors and the Mechanism of Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity.- Discussion.- Understanding the NK Cytolytic Process by Studying Mechanisms of Activation.- Discussion.- Mechanisms of Tumor Cell Lysis by Natural Killer Cells.- Discussion.- Sectiot III. The use of Antisera, Monoclcäial Antibodies, and Cloned Effector Cells in the Study of Cell-Mediated Cytolysis.- Somatic Cell Genetics of Cytolytic T Lymphocytes.- Discussion.- Lyt-2 Negative and T Cell Growth Factor Independent Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Hybridomas.- Discussion.- The Molecular Basis for Cytolytic T Lymphocyte Function: Analysis with Blocking Monoclonal Antibodies.- Discussion.- Mechanism of T Cell-Mediated Cytolysis: An Investigation of Cells and Stages Affected by Cytolysis-Inhibiting Monoclonal Antibodies.- Functional Relationship of Lymphocyte Membrane Structures Probed with Cytolysis and/or Proliferation-Inhibiting H35-27.9 and H35-89.9 Monoclonal Antibodies.- Discussion.- Cytolytic T Cell Clones against H-2I Region Products: An Analysis Using Monoclonal Antibodies against la, Lyt-2 and P94,180 Cell Surface Antigens.- The Differential Effects of Distinct Cytolysis- Inhibiting Monoclonal Antibodies on Growth and on Cytolytic Activity of T Cell Clones.- Heterogeneity of Inhibition of Cytolytic T Lymphocyte Clones by Monoclonal Anti- Lyt-2/3 Antibodies: Parallel Effects on Cytolysis, Proliferation and Lymphokine Secretion.- Identification of Lysis-Relevant Molecules on the Surface of CTL: Primary Screening of Monoclonal Antibodies for the Capacity to Block Cytolysis by Cloned CTL Lines.- A Clone-Specific Monoclonal Antibody Which Inhibits T Cell-Mediated Cytolysis.- Inhibition of Human T Cell Mediated Cytolysis by Monoclonal Antibodies to Effector Cell Surface Structures.- Molecular Interactions in T-Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity: Discrimination between the Binding and Lethal Hit Stages of Cytolysis.- Discussion.- Participants.