Mechanical Design of Heat Exchangers: And Pressure Vessel Components

ISBN-13: 9783662124437 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 1047 str.

Krishna P. Singh; Alan I. Soler

Opis

A tubular heat exchanger exemplifies many aspects of the challenge in designing a pressure vessel. High or very low operating pressures and temperatures, combined with sharp temperature gradients, and large differences in the stiffnesses of adjoining parts, are amongst the legion of conditions that behoove the attention of the heat exchanger designer. Pitfalls in mechanical design may lead to a variety of operational problems, such as tube-to-tubesheet joint failure, flanged joint leakage, weld cracks, tube buckling, and flow induced vibration. Internal failures, such as pass partition bowing or weld rip-out, pass partition gasket rib blow-out, and impingement actuated tube end erosion are no less menacing. Designing to avoid such operational perils requires a thorough grounding in several disciplines of mechanics, and a broad understanding of the inter- relationship between the thermal and mechanical performance of heat exchangers. Yet, while there are a number of excellent books on heat ex- changer thermal design, comparable effort in mechanical design has been non-existent.This apparent void has been filled by an assortment of national codes and industry standards, notably the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code and the Standards of Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association. These documents, in conjunction with scattered publications, form the motley compendia of the heat exchanger designer's reference source. The subject matter clearly beckons a methodical and comprehensive treatment. This book is directed towards meeting this need.

Spis treści

1. Heat Exchanger Construction.- 2. Stress Categories.- 3. Bolted Flange Design.- 4. Tubesheet Sandwiched between Two Flanges.- 5. Bolted Joints with Full Face Gaskets.- 6. Joints for High Pressure Closures.- 7. Tube-to-Tubesheet Joints.- 8. Tubesheets for U-Tube Heat Exchangers.- 9. Tubesheets in Fixed and Floating Head Heat Exchangers.- 10. Special Tubesheet Construction—Double Tubesheet.- 11. Rectangular Tubesheets—Application to Surface Condensers.- 12. Flat Cover.- 13. Pressure Vessel Heads.- 14. Thermal Stresses in U-Bends.- 15. Expansion Joints.- 16. Flow Induced Vibration.- 17. Support Design and External Loads.- 18. Four-Leg Supports for Pressure Vessels.- 19. Saddle Mounted Equipment.- 20. External Loads on Vertically Mounted Equipment.- 21. Response Spectrum.- 22. Practical Considerations in Heat Exchanger Design and Use.- Appendix A Classical Plate and Shell Theory and its Application to Pressure Vessels.- A.1 Introduction.- A.2 Basic Elasticity Equations.- A.3 Specialization to the Bending and Extension of Thin Walled Cylindrical Shells.- A.4 Some Applications of Thin Shell Theory Results.- A.5 Specialization to Bending and Extension of Circular Plates.- Nomenclature.- References.