Meaning Versus Grammar: An Inquiry Into the Computation of Meaning and the Incompleteness of Grammar

ISBN-13: 9789087282127 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014

Crit Cremers; Maarten Hijzelendoorn; Hilke Reckman

Opis

This volume investigates the complicated relationship between grammar, computation, and meaning in natural languages. It details conditions under which meaning-driven processing of natural language is feasible, discusses an operational and accessible implementation of the grammatical cycle for Dutch, and offers analyses of a number of further conjectures about constituency and entailment in natural language.

Spis treści

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
0. INTRODUCTION
0.1 A Language Machine
0.2 Language and computability
0.3 The book
1. SYNTAX:
the game of recursion and discontinuity
1.1 The need for syntax
1.2 Forms of Dutch
1.3 The task for syntax
1.4 The logic and the algebra of lists, flags, types and modes
1.5 The calculi
1.6 The case for Dutch
1.6.1 General Format
1.7 The grammar of discontinuity and coordination
1.8 Parsing the syntax
1.9 Generating by syntax: agendas and linearization
2. SEMANTICS:
the game of scope and intensionality
2.1 The ways of meaning
2.2 The forms of meaning
2.3 Scope and Specification
2.4 Intensionality and semantic dependency
2.5 Events and states: reification of predication
2.6 Exploiting Logical Form for Parsing
2.7 Generating from Logic
3. LEXICON:
the language’s encyclopaedia and database
3.1 Storing knowledge of language
3.2 Modes of lexical knowledge
3.3 Unification: powering grammar conservatively
3.4 The making of the lexicon
3.5 Disclosing the lexicon: object-orientation and speed for semantic generation
3.6 The lexicon while parsing
4. GRAMMAR:
the reward of incompleteness
4.1 The three duals of grammar
4.2 The conservativity of syntax
4.3 The destructivity of semantics
4.4 The denial of structure
4.5 The mismatch of structure and meaning
4.6 The lexicon as an oracle: the case of behalve
4.7 The incompleteness of grammar
4.8 The fruit of incompleteness
REFERENCES
INDEX