Mathematical Modeling of Groundwater Pollution

ISBN-13: 9781475725605 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 377 str.

Ne-Zheng Sun; Alexander Sun

Opis

Groundwater is one of the most important resources in the world. In many areas, water supplies for industrial, domestic, and agricultural uses are de- pendent on groundwater. As an "open" system, groundwater may exchange mass and energy with its neighboring systems (soil, air, and surface water) through adsorption, ion-exchange, infiltration, evaporation, inflow, outflow, and other exchange forms. Consequently, both the quantity and quality of groundwater may vary with environmental changes and human activities. Due to population growth, and industrial and agricultural development, more and more groundwater is extracted, especially in arid areas. If the groundwater management problem is not seriously considered, over- extraction may lead to groundwater mining, salt water intrusion, and land subsidence. In fact, the quality of groundwater is gradually deteriorating throughout the world. The problem of groundwater pollution has appeared, not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries. Ground- water pollution is a serious environmental problem that may damage human health, destroy the ecosystem, and cause water shortage.

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 2 Hydrodynamic Dispersion in Porous Media.- 3 Analytical Solutions of Hydrodynamic Dispersion Equations.- 4 Finite Difference Methods and the Method of Characteristics for Solving Hydrodynamic Dispersion Equations.- 5 Finite Element Methods for Solving Hydrodynamic Dispersion Equations.- 6 Numerical Solutions of Advection-Dominated Problems.- 7 Mathematical Models of Groundwater Quality.- 8 Applications of Groundwater Quality Models.- Conclusions.- Appendix A The Related Parameters in the Modeling Mass Transport in Porous Media.- Appendix B A FORTRAN Program for Solving Coupled Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Transport Problems.- B.1 Features and Assumptions.- B.2 Program Structure.- B.3 Input Data Files.- B.4 Output Data Files.- B.5 Floppy Disk and Demo Problem.- B.6 Source Programs.- References.