Materials and Dematerialization: Making the Modern World

ISBN-13: 9781394181209 / Angielski

Vaclav Smil

Spis treści

Preface: Why and How ix1. What Gets Included 12. How We Got Here 112.1 Materials Used by Organisms 132.2 Materials in Prehistory 182.3 Ancient and Medieval Materials 232.4 Materials in the Early Modern Era 332.5 Creating Modern Material Civilization 392.6 Materials in the Twentieth Century 483. What Matters Most 613.1 Biomaterials 633.2 Construction Materials 713.3 Metals 783.4 Plastics 843.5 Industrial Gases 893.6 Fertilizers 943.7 Materials in Electronics 974. How the Materials Flow 1034.1 Material Flow Accounts 1064.2 US and European Material Flows 1114.3 Materials in China's Modernization 1184.4 Energy Cost of Materials 1264.5 Life- Cycle Assessments 1384.6 Recycling 1485. Are We Dematerializing? 1595.1 Apparent Dematerializations 1625.2 Relative Dematerializations: Specific Weight Reductions 1645.3 Consequences of Dematerialization 1735.4 Relative Dematerialization in Modern Economies 1845.5 Decarbonization and Desulfurization 1946. Material Outlook 1996.1 Natural Resources 2026.2 Materials for Energy Transition 2076.3 Wasting Less 2136.4 Circular Economy 2186.5 Limits of Dematerialization 223References 241Index 283

O autorze

Vaclav Smil is Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of Manitoba, Canada. His interdisciplinary research interests span the fields of energy, environmental and population change, food production, history of technical innovation, risk assessment, and public policy. He has published more than 40 books. Prof. Smil is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (Science Academy), and a Member of the Order of Canada.