Mastering Linux System Administration

ISBN-13: 9781119794455 / Angielski / Miękka / 2021 / 576 str.

Christine Bresnahan; Richard Blum

Spis treści

Introduction xxvPart 1 Basic Admin Functions 1Chapter 1 Understanding the Basics 3What is Linux? 3Looking into the Linux Kernel 4The GNU Utilities 12Linux User Interfaces 12Linux Distributions 18Core Linux Distributions 19Specialized Linux Distributions 19The Bottom Line 20Chapter 2 Installing an Ubuntu Server 23Pre-Installation Requirements 23Hardware Requirements 24Virtual Server Requirements 25Finding the Software 26Oracle VirtualBox 26Ubuntu Server 26Running the Installation 29Oracle VirtualBox 29Ubuntu Server 33Checking the Installation 49The Bottom Line 50Chapter 3 Installing and Maintaining Software in Ubuntu 53Exploring Package Management 53Inspecting the Debian-Based Systems 54Managing Packages with apt 54Installing Software Packages with apt 56Upgrading Software with apt 59Uninstalling Software with apt 60The apt Repositories 61Using Snap Containers 62Installing from Source Code 64The Bottom Line 66Chapter 4 Installing a Red Hat Server 69Pre-Installation Requirements 69Hardware Requirements 70Virtual Server Requirements 71Finding the Software 72Oracle VirtualBox 72CentOS 73Running the Installation 76Oracle VirtualBox 77CentOS 77Checking the Installation 96The Bottom Line 97Chapter 5 Installing and Maintaining Software in Red Hat 99Exploring Red Hat Packages 99Automated Package Management 100Listing Installed Packages 100Installing Software with dnf 102Upgrading Software with dnf 104Uninstalling Software with dnf 104Handling Broken Dependencies 105Working with RPM Repositories 106Working Directly with Packages 107Finding Package Files 107Inspecting Package Files 108Installing Package Files 109Removing Package Files 110Using Flatpak Containers 111The Bottom Line 113Chapter 6 Working with the Shell 115Exploring the Shell 115The Shell Prompt 116The Shell Manual 117Working with Commands 121Entering Commands 121Retrieving Past Commands 123Redirecting Commands 125Environment Variables 129Global Environment Variables 129User-Defined Environment Variables 131The Bottom Line 133Chapter 7 Exploring Linux File Management 135Filesystem Navigation 135The Linux Filesystem 135Traversing Directories 138Linux Files 139Determining File Types 139Filenames 140Hidden Files 140File Inodes 141File and Directory Listing 142Basic Listing 142Modifying Listing Information 143The Complete Parameter List 143Directory Handling 146Creating Directories 146Deleting Directories 146File Handling 147Creating Files 147Copying Files 148Linking Files 150Renaming Files 152Deleting Files 152File Features 154Using Wildcards 154Quoting 155Case Sensitivity 156Finding Files 156The which Command 156The locate Command 156The whereis Command 157The find Command 157Archiving Files 159Compressing Files 159Creating Archive Files 160Archiving Scenarios 161The Bottom Line 163Chapter 8 Working with Text Files 165The vim Editor 165Checking Your vim Editor Program 166Using the vim Editor 167The nano Editor 170Working with Data Files 172Sorting 172Searching 175Compressing 181Archiving 182The Bottom Line 187Part 2 Intermediate Admin Functions 189Chapter 9 Managing Hardware 191Device Driver Modules 191Listing Installed Modules 192Installing New Modules 193Removing Modules 196Communicating with Devices 196Device Interfaces 196The /dev Directory 198The /proc Directory 199The /sys Directory 202Working with Devices 203Finding Devices 203Working with PCI Cards 205Working with USB Devices 206Using Hot Pluggable Devices 207Detecting Dynamic Devices 208Working with Dynamic Devices 208The Bottom Line 209Chapter 10 Booting Linux 211Understanding the Boot Process 211Overview of the Boot Process 211Watching the Boot Process 212The Firmware Startup 212The GRUB2 Bootloader 214Configuring the GRUB2 Bootloader 215Exploring the GRUB2 Configuration 215Interacting with GRUB2 217The systemd Initialization Process 219Exploring Unit Files 220Focusing on Service Unit Files 221Focusing on Target Unit Files 225Changing a Unit Configuration File 226Changing the systemd Configuration File 227Looking at systemctl 227Jumping Targets 230Analyzing with systemd 232The Bottom Line 234Chapter 11 Working with Storage Devices 235Storage Basics 235Drive Connections 235Partitioning Drives 236Automatic Drive Detection 236Partitioning Tools 237Working with fdisk 237Working with gdisk 239The GNU parted Command 241Formatting Filesystems 243Common Filesystem Types 243Creating Filesystems 245Mounting Filesystems 246Manually Mounting Devices 246Automatically Mounting Devices 247Managing Filesystems 249Retrieving Filesystem Stats 249Filesystem Tools 250Storage Alternatives 251Multipath 251Logical Volume Manager 251Using RAID Technology 253The Bottom Line 254Chapter 12 Configuring Network Settings 255Network Settings 255Ubuntu Servers 256Red Hat Servers 258Using Network Command-Line Tools 260NetworkManager Tools 260Other Tools 262Basic Network Troubleshooting 269Sending Test Packets 269Finding Host Information 271Advanced Network Troubleshooting 273The netstat Command 273Examining Sockets 276The Bottom Line 277Chapter 13 Managing Users and Groups 279Understanding Linux Permissions 279Understanding Ownership 280Controlling Access Permissions 282Exploring Special Permissions 284Managing Default Permissions 285Using Access Control Lists 288Managing User Accounts 290Adding Accounts 290Maintaining Accounts 298Removing Accounts 301Maintaining the Environment 302Setting Environment Variables 302Exploring User Entries 302Exploring Global Entries 303Managing Groups 304Adding Groups 305Removing Groups 306The Bottom Line 307Chapter 14 Working with Processes and Jobs 309Looking at Processes 309Monitoring Processes in Real Time 311Managing Processes 314Setting Priorities 314Stopping Processes 315Running Programs in Background Mode 317Running in the Background 317Running Multiple Background Jobs 318Running Programs Without a Console 319Job Control 320Viewing Jobs 320Restarting Stopped Jobs 322Scheduling Jobs 323Scheduling a Job Using the at Command 323Scheduling Recurring Programs 326The Bottom Line 328Chapter 15 Managing Log Files 329The systemd Journaling System 329Configuring systemd-journald 330Looking at Journal Files 331Making the Journal Persistent 332Viewing Journal Entries 332Maintaining the Journal 335Viewing Different Journal Files 337Protecting Journal Files 337Making Journal Entries 337The rsyslog Legacy System 338The syslog Protocol 338Basic Logging Using rsyslogd 340Layering Your Logging 342Making Log Entries 343Finding Event Messages 344The Bottom Line 344Chapter 16 Managing Printers 347The Common Unix Printing System 347Printer Drivers 347Web Interface 348Command-Line Commands 348Printer Sharing 349Printer Classes 350Installing and Configuring CUPS 350Installing CUPS 351Preparing the Server to Use CUPS 354Using CUPS 356Administration Functions 356Managing Printers and Jobs in CUPS 360The Bottom Line 361Part 3 Advanced Admin Functions 363Chapter 17 Exploring Ubuntu Security 365Locking Down Root 365Looking at Linux Account Types 366Gaining Super User Privileges 367Using OpenSSH on Ubuntu 369Exploring Basic SSH Concepts 370Configuring SSH 372Generating SSH Keys 373Authenticating with SSH Keys 374The AppArmor System 376Network Security Using Firewalls 380Understanding UFW 380Configuring UFW 381The Bottom Line 385Chapter 18 Exploring Red Hat Security 387Working with Root Access 387Keeping Track of Root Logins 388Disabling Root Access from SSH 388Enabling Automatic Logout 389Blocking Root Access 390Using SELinux 391Enabling SELinux 391Understanding Security Context 392Using Policies 393Network Security Using Firewalls 395Red Hat Firewall Concepts 395Checking the Firewall Status 397Working with Zones 398Working with Firewall Rules 399The Bottom Line 401Chapter 19 Writing Scripts 403Beginning a Shell Script 403Creating a Script File 403Displaying Messages 405Using Variables 407Environment Variables 407User Variables 408Command Substitution 409Exiting the Script with Status 410Passing Parameters 411Adding Conditional Expressions 414Working with the if-then Statement 414Using Compound Tests 417Working with the if-then-else Statement 418Trying the case Statement 419Using Loops 420Looking at the for Command 420Working with the while Format 423Using the until Command 424Using Functions 427Creating Functions 427Calling Functions 427The Bottom Line 430Chapter 20 Managing Web Servers 433Linux Web Servers 433Apache 433nginx 434The Apache Web Server 435Installing an Apache Server 435Configuring the Apache Server 437Hosting Dynamic Web Applications 445Creating a Secure Web Server 447The nginx Server 448Installing nginx 448Configuring nginx 449The Bottom Line 451Chapter 21 Managing Database Servers 453Linux Database Servers 453Organizing the Data 454Querying the Data 455Controlling the Data 456Installing and Using MySQL/MariaDB 457Conducting a MariaDB Installation 458Accessing a MariaDB Database 462Populating and Using MariaDB Database 466Installing and Using PostgreSQL 471Conducting a PostgreSQL Installation 471Accessing a PostgreSQL Database 474Populating and Using a PostgreSQL Database 477The Bottom Line 478Chapter 22 Exploring the Virtualization Environment 481Hypervisors 481Managing VMs 481Creating a Virtual Machine 483Integrating via Linux Extensions 485Containers 486Exploring Container Types 487Looking at Container Software 487Organizing Containers 489Software Packaging 491Looking at Ubuntu Snap 491Looking at Flatpak 499The Bottom Line 503Appendix The Bottom Line 505Chapter 1: Understanding the Basics 505Chapter 2: Installing an Ubuntu Server 506Chapter 3: Installing and Maintaining Software in Ubuntu 507Chapter 4: Installing a Red Hat Server 509Chapter 5: Installing and Maintaining Software in Red Hat 510Chapter 6: Working with the Shell 512Chapter 7: Exploring Linux File Management 513Chapter 8: Working with Text Files 515Chapter 9: Managing Hardware 516Chapter 10: Booting Linux 517Chapter 11: Working with Storage Devices 519Chapter 12: Configuring Network Settings 520Chapter 13: Managing Users and Groups 521Chapter 14: Working with Processes and Jobs 523Chapter 15: Managing Log Files 524Chapter 16: Managing Printers 526Chapter 17: Exploring Ubuntu Security 527Chapter 18: Exploring Red Hat Security 528Chapter 19: Writing Scripts 529Chapter 20: Managing Web Servers 532Chapter 21: Managing Database Servers 533Chapter 22: Exploring the Virtualization Environment 535Index 537

O autorze

Christine Bresnahan has over thirty years of experience working in the IT industry. She is an Adjunct Professor at Ivy Tech Community College where she teaches Linux certification and Python programming classes. She is co-author with Richard Blum of CompTIA Linux+ Study Guide, Linux Essentials, and the Linux Command Line and Scripting Bible.Richard Blum has over thirty years of experience working as a system and network administrator. He teaches online courses in Linux and Web programming and is co-author with Christine Bresnahan of several Linux titles, including CompTIA Linux+ Study Guide, Linux Essentials, and the Linux Command Line and Scripting Bible.