Marginality: Addressing the Nexus of Poverty, Exclusion and Ecology

ISBN-13: 9789400770607 / Angielski / Twarda / 2013 / 389 str.

Joachim Von Braun; Franz Gatzweiler

Opis

This book takes a new approach on understanding causes of extreme poverty and promising actions to address it. Its focus is on marginality being a root cause of poverty and deprivation. Marginality is the position of people on the edge, preventing their access to resources, freedom of choices, and the development of capabilities. The book is research based with original empirical analyses at local, national, and local scales; book contributors are leaders in their fields and have backgrounds in different disciplines. An important message of the book is that economic and ecological approaches and institutional innovations need to be integrated to overcome marginality. The book will be a valuable source for development scholars and students, actors that design public policies, and for social innovators in the private sector and non-governmental organizations. "

Spis treści

1 Marginality—An Overview and Implications for Policy; Joachim von Braun and Franz W. Gatzweiler
Part 1 Concepts and Theory
2 Marginality—A Framework for Analyzing Causal Complexities of Poverty; Franz W. Gatzweiler and Heike Baumüller
3 Exclusion and Initiatives to “Include”: Revisiting Basic Economics to Guide Development Practice; Sajjad Zohir
4 Marginality from a Socio-ecological Perspective; Daniel Callo-Concha, Jan Henning Sommer, Janina Kleemann, Franz W. Gatzweiler, and Manfred Denich
Part 2  Dimensions and Prevalence of Marginality
5 Mapping Marginality Hotspots; Valerie Graw and Christine Husmann
6 The Poorest: Who and Where They Are?; Akhter U. Ahmed, Ruth Vargas Hill, and Farria Naeem
7 Targeting the Poorest and Most Vulnerable: Examples from Bangladesh; Nusha Yamina Choudhury and Christa Räder
8 Correlates of Extreme Poverty in Rural Ethiopia; Degnet Abebaw Ejigie and Assefa Admassie
9 Examining the Circle of Attachment, Trauma, Shame, and Marginalization: the Unheard Voices of Young Kutchi Girls; Manasi Kumar
Part 3 Environmental Drivers of Marginality
10 Poverty, Agriculture and the Environment: the Case of Sub-Saharan Africa; Prabhu Pingali, Kate Schneider, and Monika Zurek
11 The Marginal Poor and their Dependence on Ecosystem Services: Evidence from South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa; Pushpam Kumar and Makiko Yashiro
12 Land Degradation, Poverty, and Marginality; Nicolas Gerber, Ephraim Nkonya, and Joachim von Braun
Part 4 Experiencing Marginality in Africa and Asia
13 Tackling Social Exclusion and Marginality for Poverty Reduction: Indian Experiences; Sukhadeo Thorat
14 Consumption Behavior of the Poorest and Policy Implications in Indonesia; Evita Hanie Pangaribowo
15 Addressing Extreme Poverty and Marginality: Experiences in Rural China; Ling Zhu
16 Experiences in Targeting the Poorest: a Case Study from Bangladesh; Syed Masud Ahmed
17 Rural Poverty and Marginalization in Ethiopia: a Review of Development Interventions; Assefa Admassie and Degnet Abebaw
Part 5 Responses to Marginality at Different Levels: State, Business, and Community
18 Macro, Fiscal, and Decentralization Options to Address Marginality and Reach the Extremely Poor; S. Ehtisham Ahmad
19 Social Protection, Marginality, and Extreme Poverty: Just Give Money to the Poor?; David Hulme, Joe Hanlon, and Armando Barrientos
20 Innovative Business Approaches for the Reduction of Extreme Poverty and Marginality?; Heike Baumüller, Christine Husmann, and Joachim von Braun
21 Business Initiatives that Overcome Rural Poverty and Marginality Through Creating Shared Value;Niels Christiansen
22 The Marginalized and Poorest in Different Communities and Settings of Ethiopia; Tadesse Woldemariam Gole, Fite Getaneh Ilfata, Motuma Tafa, and Aleka Aregachew

O autorze

Joachim von Braun is an economist, with a Doctoral degree in agricultural economics from University of Göttingen, Germany. He joined ZEF as Professor and Director of the Department for Economic and Technological Change in December 2009. He was also Director at ZEF during its foundation phase 1997-2002. Before returning to ZEF, von Braun was Director General of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) based in Washington, DC, U.S.A. 2002 to 2009. von Braun also has been Professor for Food Economics and Policy at Kiel University, Germany. His research addresses international development economics topics, incl. markets and trade; poverty; health and nutrition; science and technology.               

Blurb

This volume presents new insights on marginality, i.e. the situation of people living on the edge of socio-economic and ecological systems. The marginality concept leads to different development policies. While the prevalence of poverty declined by about 50 percent in the past two decades, any further reduction of poverty will be more difficult, because of high diversity of extremely poor people, and complex interrelations between poverty, exclusion and ecology. The marginality concept provides guidance to address this issue. Marginality entails addressing the structural forces of poverty, such as exclusion, discrimination and ecological degradations which lead to vulnerability of the poor. In this volume economists, ecology experts, geographers, agronomists, sociologist, and business experts come together to address marginality. The inter-disciplinary research offers conceptual innovations and presents the dimensions of marginality in developing countries. Economic, political, and environmental drivers are assessed and mapped globally and in detail for countries in Africa and Asia, especially Ethiopia, India, Bangladesh, China, Indonesia. Economic growth especially in rural areas remains and farming communities is central to poverty reduction but needs to be complemented with specific actions to reach those at the margins. The social policy actions and measures to end exclusions are highlighted, and the roles of the state, local government, business and community in them are pointed out for overcoming marginality.