Manganese in Powder Metallurgy Steels

ISBN-13: 9781907343742 / Angielski / Twarda / 2012 / 480 str.

Andrej Alak; Marcela Seleck

Opis

The monograph introduces the data about the mechanical properties of sintered manganese steels published since 1948 up to the present time. The effect of all possible material, alloying and sintering factors on the properties of manganese steels which are in most cases on the level of those alloyed with nickel is discussed. The sintering of the steels was successfully carried out under laboratory and industrial conditions not fulfilling the thermodynamic requirements for the Mn-O system. The reduction - (self cleaning) effect of manganese vapour for the sintering atmosphere formed by sublimation due to manganese high vapour pressure is presented as the only possible mechanisms under which the sintering of manganese-containing steels takes place. It is stated conclusively that sintering under this mechanisms occurs without demanganisation and decarburization of the compacts in the atmosphere with the low dew point contrary to that with a high dew point adversely affecting the sintering and alloying process.

Spis treści

From the Contents: PART I Thermodynamic Conditions for Mn - O System at  Sintering of Manganese Steels.- Alloying and Sintering of Manganese Steels in Term of High Manganese Vapour Pressure.- Demonstration of Alloying and Sintering of Manganese Steels by Manganese Vapour.- Effect of  Base Materials and of Various Processing Routes on Mechanical and Some Special Properties of Manganese Steels.- Effect of Additional Elements on Properties of Manganese Steel.- Properties of Sintered and Powder Forged Steels Based on Prealloyed Powders.- Processing and Properties of Hybrid Fe-(Cr)-xMn-(Mo)-(V) Steels.- PART II Base Characteristics of Manganese Steels from the Year 1948.- Effect of Variable Processing Conditions and Materials on Properties of Sintered Fe-Mn-C Steels.- Effect of  Processing Conditions and Materials on Properties of Sintered Fe,Cr,Mo,C  Steels Containing Manganese.- Sintering of Manganese Steels in Low and High Purity Atmospheres – Crucial Knowledge.

Blurb

This work in three parts presents a summary of the sintered manganese steel properties from 1948 to 2011 involving processing conditions and other characteristics. In the first and third part are given results attained by the authors based on their finding that manganese (cheapest element) during sintering evaporates and by this the vapour cleans the sintering atmospheres from humidity. The second part  presents other positive properties of manganese steels in spite of the doubt of oxidation of manganese during sintering and by this  excluding the sintering manganese steels what hinderd the use of manganese in production of sintered parts. All results confirm  that only manganese vapour according to finding of the authors ensures effective sintering of manganese steels and parts independently on the authors mind. It follows finally from the work that   manganese is possible to use for alloying of powder steels sintered also in practice  in H/N atmospheres with low purity and also in pure nitrogen - cheaper than hydrogen without some of the associated problems. Current trends in the field are also presented to the reader.