Making Cities Resilient

ISBN-13: 9783319949314 / Angielski / Twarda / 2019 / 345 str.

Opis

Since the 1972 Habitat I (1996), Habitat II (1996) and Habitat III (2016), the world has faced many serious challenges, including rising inequality, increasing insecurity in many places and the widening impacts of climate change everywhere. But we have also seen made major advances in medicine, life expectancy, information and communications technology, governance and human knowledge. On both the positive and negative sides of this ledger, cities have been a primary arena where change takes place. As the world has transformed, so have the cities. Today, cities are home to 54 per cent of the world's population, and by the middle of this century that figure will rise to 66 per cent. While cities face major problems, from poverty to pollution, they are also powerhouses of economic growth and catalysts for inclusion and innovation. With vision, planning and financing, cities can help provide solutions for the world. With this spirit, Shaheed Bhagat Singh College (University of Delhi- New Delhi, India) organized a two day National Conference on Making Cities Resilient: Post Habitat III, in Delhi, during 3rd & 4th February 2017. University Grants Commission (UGC) and Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR) financed this conference. Professor R. B. Singh, Vice President International Geographical Union (IGU), welcomed the idea of publication of selected papers for this volume. Mega cities in India suffer problems of lack of basic amenities like housing, water, electricity, sewerage, etc. Out of the total estimated slum population of 505.5 million people in Asia, India hosts a large share of it. The United Nations Program "Making Cities Resilient" is focused on mitigating the disaster risk in urban areas. The Government of India programs for making cities more resilient include Digital India, Make in India, 100 Smart Cities Development together with corporate social responsibility are synchronized with globalization of Indian mega cities. But, in recent years the disaster and health risk reduction in Indian mega cities are challenging tasks for urban governance. This book gives an insight into the various issues related to the urban environment and micro climate change, urban housing, slums and infrastructure, marginalized urban spaces, disaster risk in mega cities, urban health and wellbeing etc. This volume contains 22 selected papers. Most of these papers provide a very detailed analysis of various cities of India. These research papers include the innovative geospatial techniques like urban zonation, urban heat island mapping and vulnerability analysis in a multi-hazard framework in utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS) for mitigating risks and achieving urban sustainability.

Spis treści

Perspective of Resilient Cities: Introduction and Overview.- Smart Cities: Milestone of New Era.- The Status of Research on Smart Cities: A Review.- Prospect of Faridabad as a Smart City: A Review.- Planning for Healthy and Sustainable Urbanization: A Case Study of NCT, Delhi.- City Size and its Growth Rate: A Case Study of Kerala, India.- Level of Basic Infrastructure in the Slums: A case study of West Bengal from General to Specific.- Slum Resettlement to the Margins: Increasing Deprivation of the Poor and an Impediment to Resilience of the City.- Streets as Factors and Barriers for Cities Sustain Development.- Urban Resilience and Flash Floods: A Case Study of Chennai Metropolitan City.- Urban Resilience Planning a Way to Respond to Uncertainties: Current Approaches and Challenges.- Health Problems of Urban Elderly in Siwan, Bihar, India.- Social Resources Meeting the Health Services Requirement among Migrant Manual Workers in Patna.- Environment and Health Care Cost: Understanding the Wellbeing Level of Delhi.- A Study of Urban Landscape Characteristics of Bhopal City (India) in Geospatial Environment.- Impact Assessment Motives of Eco2 Sustainable Cities.- Role of Eco-Friendly Materials in Construction for Making Cities Smart.- Identification of Social Norms in Conservation/Utilization of Biodiversity in Aligarh District, India.- Managing the Risk of Environmental Calamity by Effective Implementation of Disaster Management: Critical Analysis of Kedarnath (Uttarakhand) Tragedy 2013.- The Rapid Growth of Japanese Regional Capitals after the 1950s and a New Direction for the Sustainability of their Vitality.- Towards New Paradigm of Smart India: A Case of Amaravati City on India’s Singapore in Making.- An Evaluation of Sustainable Tourism in the Developing Countries of Asia through STM (Sustainable Tourism Measurement) Model: A Comparison of India, Malaysia and Thailand.- Ayodhya: A Study of Urban Governance and Heritage Inclusive Development.- Summary and Concluding Remarks

Blurb

As the world has transformed, so have cities. Today, cities are home to 54 percent of the world’s population, and by the middle of this century that figure will likely rise to 66 percent. According to the United Nations (UN) Habitat I (1972), Habitat II (1996) and Habitat III (2016) summits, cities are facing many serious challenges, including growing inequality, security concerns and the worsening impacts of climate change. Uncontrolled urbanization has led to many problems (haphazard growth of areas, emergence of slums, inadequate water and power supply, poor sanitation, shortage of transport and other civic amenities, shrinking green spaces, pollution, crime, and urban disaster risks such as fire, flood, road and industrial accidents, etc.). 

Worldwide, communities at the international, national and local level are continuously working to improve human habitats. In order to make our planet more sustainable, the UN has moved from the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Among the latter, the aim of SDG 11 is to “…make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.”  In light of these challenges, various terms have emerged to help understand urban issues. Visualizing the problem, the United Nations program “Making Cities Resilient” is focused on mitigating the disaster risk in urban areas. 

This book analyzes terms such as: sustainable, resilient, livable, inclusive, smart and world class city, which have emerged in the process of combating urban challenges in today’s world. The book addresses emerging concepts for cities, challenges and potentials, urban environments, health and planning/policies. Covering 14 large cities in India, as well as case studies from Japan, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Poland and Sweden, it provides a regional dimension to and micro-level perspective on urban issues.