Macrocycles: Construction, Chemistry and Nanotechnology Applications

ISBN-13: 9780470714621 / Angielski / Twarda / 2011 / 608 str.

Seamus Higson;Frank Davis;¬Abar

Opis

Macrocyclic molecules contain rings made up of seven or more atoms. They are interesting because they provide building blocks for synthesizing precise two or three dimensional structures - an important goal in nanotechnology. For example, they can be used to develop nanosized reaction vessels, cages, switches and shuttles, and have potential as components in molecular computers. They also have applications as catalysts and sensors. Macrocycles: Construction, Chemistry and Nanotechnology Applications is an essential introduction this important class of molecules and describes how to synthesise them, their chemistry, how they can be used as nanotechnology building blocks, and their applications. A wide range of structures synthesised over the past few decades are covered, from the simpler cyclophanes and multi-ring aromatic structures to vases, bowls, cages and more complex multi-ring systems and 3D architectures such as "pumpkins," interlocking chains and knots. Topics covered include:

• principles of macrocycle synthesis
• simple ring compounds
• multi-ring aromatic structures
• porphyrins and phthalocanines
• cyclophanes
• crown ethers, cryptands and spherands
• calixarenes, resorcinarenes, cavitands, carcerands, and heterocalixarenes
• cyclodextrins
• cucurbiturils
• cyclotriveratylenes
• rotaxanes
• catenanes
• complex 3D architectures, including trefoils and knots

Macrocycles: Construction, Chemistry and Nanotechnology Applications distills the essence of this important topic for undergraduate and postgraduate students, and for researchers in other fields interested in getting a general insight into this increasingly important class of molecules.

Recenzje

Macrocycles : Construction, Chemistry and Nanotechnology Applications distils the essence of this important topic for undergraduate and postgraduate students, and for researchers in other fields who are interested in getting a general insight into this increasingly important class of molecules.   (Chimie Nouvelle, 1 March 2013)

Spis treści

Preface.

1 Introduction.

1.1 Simple Ring Compounds.

1.2 Three–Dimensional Aliphatic Carbon Structures.

1.3 Annulenes.

1.4 Multi–Ring Aromatic Structures.

1.5 Porpyrins and Phthalocanines.

1.6 Conclusions.

References.

2 Cyclophanes.

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Cyclophanes with One Aromatic System and Aliphatic Chain.

2.3 Cyclophanes with More than One Aromatic Ring.

2.4 Napthalenophanes and Other Aromatic Systems.

2.5 Cyclophanes Containing Heteroaromatic Systems.

2.6 Ferrocenophanes.

2.7 Conclusions.

Bibliography.

References.

3 Crown Ethers, Cryptands and Other Compounds.

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Crown Ethers.

3.3 Simple Complexes with Crown Ethers.

3.4 Azacrowns, Cyclens and Cyclams.

3.5 Crowns Containing Other Heteroatoms.

3.6 Lariat and Bibracchial Crown Ethers.

3.7 Cryptands.

3.8 Spherands.

3.9 Combined and Multiple Systems.

3.10 Applications of Crown Ethers and Related Compounds.

3.11 Conclusions.

Bibliography.

References.

4 Calixarenes.

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 History.

4.3 Structures of Calixarenes.

4.4 Chemical Modification of Calixarenes.

4.5 Complexes with Calixarenes.

4.6 Bis and Multicalixarenes.

4.7 Oxacalixarenes, Azacalixarenes and Thiacalixarenes.

4.8 Resorcinarenes: Synthesis and Structure.

4.9 Cavitands and Carcerands.

4.10 Conclusions.

Bibliography.

References.

5 Heterocalixarenes and Calixnaphthalenes.

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Calixnaphthalenes.

5.3 Tropolone–Based Macrocycles.

5.4 Calixfurans.

5.5 Calixpyrroles.

5.6 Calixindoles, Calixpyridines and Calixthiophenes.

5.7 Conclusions.

Bibliography.

References.

6 Cyclodextrins.

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Complex Formation by Cyclodextrins.

6.3 Cyclodextrins of Other Sizes.

6.4 Modification Reactions of Cyclodextrins.

6.5 Selectivity of Cyclodextrins.

6.6 Multiple Cyclodextrin Systems.

6.7 Polymeric Cyclodextrins.

6.8 Cyclodextrins Combined with Other Macrocyclic Systems.

6.9 Therapeutic Uses of Cyclodextrins.

6.10 Other Uses of Cyclodextrins.

6.11 Conclusions.

Bibliography.

References.

7 Cyclotriveratylenes and Cryptophanes.

7.1 Introduction.

7.2 Synthesis of Cyclotriveratrylenes.

7.3 Modification of Cyclotriveratrylenes.

7.4 Synthesis of Optically Active Cyclotriveratrylenes.

7.5 Modification of the Bridging Groups.

7.6 Modification of the Aromatic Rings with Organometallic Groups.

7.7 Selective Binding Applications of Cyclotriveratrylenes.

7.8 Analogues of CTV.

7.9 Synthesis and Structure of Cryptophanes.

7.10 Modification of Cryptophanes.

7.11 Complexes with Cryptophanes.

7.12 Cryptophane Xenon Complexes.

7.13 Other Uses of Cryptophanes.

7.14 Hemicryptophanes.

7.15 Conclusions.

Bibliography.

References.

8 Cucurbiturils.

8.1 Introduction.

8.2 Complexation Behaviour of Simple Cucurbiturils.

8.3 Modification of Cucurbiturils.

8.4 Uses of Cucurbiturils.

8.5 Hemicucurbiturils.

8.6 Conclusions.

Bibliography.

References.

9 Rotaxanes and Catenanes.

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 Rotaxanes.

9.3 Catenanes.

9.4 Conclusions.

Bibliography.

References.

10 Other Supramolecular Systems, Molecular Motors, Machines and Nanotechnological Applications.

10.1 Introduction.

10.2 Other Molecular Systems.

10.3 Molecular Devices, Motors and Machines.

10.4 Conclusions.

Bibliography.

References.

Index.

O autorze

Dr Frank Davis
Cranfield University, UK
Dr Davis is a research fellow at Cranfield University, specialising in the biochemical and supramolecular aspects of electrochemistry. As well as pursuing academic research he has undertaken contract research for organisations such as Unilever Research (Port Sunlight), ITM Power Ltd (Sheffield), Timestrip (Hitchen) and DEFRA, and spent a 4–year research post within Gillette UK

Professor Séamus Higson
Cranfield University, UK
Séamus Higson is Professor of Bio– and Electro–Analysis at Cranfield University which he joined in August 2002. His previous career spans academic departments of chemistry, medicine and materials science and this is reflected in his research. Professor Higson also serves within an advisory and / or consultative capacity for a number of public bodies and also acts as Technical Director for Microarray Ltd – a company formed upon science and patents originating from his group. His current research is primarily focussed towards practical implementation of electro analytical science and analytical biochemistry for biomedical, environmental and industrial process control applications.

Blurb

Macrocyclic molecules contain rings made up of seven or more atoms. They provide building blocks for synthesizing precise two or three dimensional structures an important goal in nanotechnology. For example, they can be used to develop nanosized reaction vessel, cages, switches and shuttles, and have potential as components in molecular computers as switches, nano–valves and logic gates. They also have applications as catalysts and sensors.

Macrocycles: Construction, Chemistry and Nanotechnology Applications is an essential introduction to this important class of molecules and describes how to synthesize them, their chemistry, how they can be used as nanotechnology building blocks, and their applications. A wide range of structures synthesized over the past few decades are covered, from the simpler cyclophanes and multi–ring aromatic structures to vases, bowls, cages and more complex multi–ring systems and 3D architectures such as pumpkins , interlocking chains and knots. Some of the molecular classes covered include simple ring compounds, three dimensional aliphatic carbon structures, annulenes, multi–ring aromatic structures, porphyrins and phthalocyanines, cyclophanes, crown ethers, cryptands, spherands, calixarenes, resorcinarenes, cavitands, carcerands, heterocalixarenes, calixnaphthalenes, cyclodextins, cyclotriveratylenes, cryptophanes, cucurbituris, rotaxanes and catenanes.

Macrocycles: Construction, Chemistry and nanotechnology Applications distills the essence of this important topic for undergraduate and postgraduates students, and for researchers in other fields who are interested in getting a general insight into this increasingly important class of molecules.