Low Temperature Physics-LT 13: Volume 1: Quantum Fluids

ISBN-13: 9781468478662 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 669 str.

K. D. Timmerhaus

Opis

The 13th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics, organized by the National Bureau of Standards, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, and the University of Colorado, was held in Boulder, Colorado, August 21 to 25, 1972, and was sponsored by the National Science Foundation, the U. S. Army Office of Scientific Research, the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, the U. S. Navy Office of Naval Research, the International Institute of Refrigeration, and the Internation- al Union of Pure and Applied Physics. This international conference was the latest in a series of biennial conferences on low temperature physics, the first of which was held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1949. (For a complete list of previous L T conferences see p. viii. Many of these past conferences have been coordinated and sponsored by the Commission on Very Low Temperatures of IUPAP. Subsequent LT conferences will be scheduled triennially beginning in 1975. LT 13 was attended by approximately 1015 participants from twenty five countries. Eighteen plenary lectures and 550 contributed papers were presented at the Conference. The Conference began with brief introductory and welcoming remarks by Dr. R. H. Kropschot on behalf of the Organizing Committee, Professor J. Bardeen on behalf of the Commission on Very Low Temperatures of the IUP AP, and Pro- fessor O. V. Lounasmaa on behalf of the International Institute of Refrigeration. The eighth London Award was then presented by Professor E.

Spis treści

Fritz London Award Address.- Light Scattering As a Probe of Liquid Helium.- Phase Diagram of Helium Monolayers.- Helium-3 in Superfluid Helium-4.- Some Recent Developments Concerning the Macroscopic Quantum Nature of Superfluid Helium.- A Neutron Scattering Investigation of Bose—Einstein Condensation in Super-fluid 4He.- Temperature and Momentum Dependence of Phonon Energies in Superfluid 4He.- Does the Phonon Spectrum in Superfluid 4He Curve Upward?.- Model Dispersion Curves for Liquid 4He.- Analysis of Dynamic Form Factor S(k, ?) for the Two-Branch Excitation Spectrum of Liquid 4He.- Excitation Spectrum for Weakly Interacting Bose Gas and the Liquid Structure Function of Helium.- Elementary Excitations in Liquid Helium.- Long-Wavelength Excitations in a Bose Gas and Liquid He II at T = 0.- Bose-Einstein Condensation in Two-Dimensional Systems.- Phonons and Lambda Temperature in Liquid 4He as Obtained by the Lattice Model.- Equation of State for Hard-Core Quantum Lattice System.- Impulse of a Vortex System in a Bounded Fluid.- New Results on the States of the Vortex Lattice.- Superfluid Density in Pairing Theory of Superfluidity.- The 3He-Roton Interaction.- Quantum Lattice Gas Model of 3He–4He Mixtures.- The S = 1 Ising Model for 3He–4He Mixtures.- Low Temperature Thermodynamics of Fermi Fluids.- Density and Phase Variables in the Theory of Interacting Bose Systems.- Subcore Vortex Rings in a Ginsburg-Landau Fluid.- Multilayer Helium Films on Graphite.- Submonolayer Isotopic Mixtures of Helium Adsorbed on Grafoil.- Spatial Ordering Transitions in Quantum Lattice Gases.- A Model of the 4He Monolayer on Graphite.- Thermal Properties of the Second Layer of Adsorbed 3He.- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of 3He Surface States in Adsorbed 3He–4He Films.- Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation of Liquid 3He in a Constrained Geometry.- Low-Temperature Specific Heat of 4He Films in Restricted Geometries.- Mean Free Path Effects in 3He Quasiparticles: Measurement of the Spin Diffusion Coefficient in the Collisionless Regime by a Pulsed Gradient NMR Technique.- Adsorption of 4He on Bare and on Argon-Coated Exfoliated Graphite at Low Temperatures.- Ellipsometric Measurements of the Saturated Helium Film.- Momentum and Energy Transfer Between Helium Vapor and the Film.- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of the Formation and Structure of an Adsorbed 3He Monolayer.- Pulsed Nuclear Resonance Investigation of the Susceptibility and Magnetic Interaction in Degenerate 3He Films.- Measurements and Calculations of the Helium Film Thickness on Alkaline Earth Fluoride Crystals.- The Normal Fluid Fraction in the Adsorbed Helium Film.- Helium II Film Transfer Rates Into and Out of Solid Argon Beakers.- Preferred Flow Rates in the Helium II Film.- Superfluidity of Thin Helium Films.- Superfluidity in Thin 3He–4He Films.- On the Absence of Moderate Velocity Persistent Currents in He II Films Adsorbed on Large Cylinders.- Thermodynamics of Superflow in the Helium Film.- Mass Transport of 4He Films Adsorbed on Graphite.- Helium Film Flow Dissipation with a Restrictive Geometry.- Dissipation in the Flowing Saturated Superfluid Film.- Dissipation in Superfluid Helium Film Flow.- Direct Measurement of the Dissipation Function of the Flowing Saturated He II Film.- Application of the Fluctuation Model of Dissipation to Beaker Film Flow.- Film Flow Driven by van der Waals Forces.- Decay of Saturated and Unsaturated Persistent Currents in Superfluid Helium.- Rotating Couette Flow of Superfluid Helium.- New Aspects of the ?-Point Paradox.- Torque on a Rayleigh Disk Due to He II Flow.- Superfluid 4He Velocities in Narrow Channels between 1.8 and 0.3°K.- Critical Velocities in Superfluid Flow Through Orifices.- Observations of the Superfluid Circulation around a Wire in a Rotating Vessel Containing He II.- An Attempt to Photograph the Vortex Lattice in Rotating He II.- Radial Distribution of Superfluid Vortices in a Rotating Annulus.- Effect of a Constriction on the Vortex Density in He II Superflow.- AC Measurements of a Coupling between Dissipative Heat Flux and Mutual Friction Force in He II.- The He II–He I Transition in a Heat Current.- Pumping in He II by Low-Frequency Sound.- Optical Measurements on Surface Modes in Liquid Helium II.- Measurement of the Temperature Dependence of the Density of Liquid 4He from 0.3 to 0.7°K and Near the ?-Point.- Second-Sound Velocity and Superfluid Density in 4He Under Pressure and Near T?.- Superfluid Density Near the Lambda Point in Helium Under Pressure.- Hypersonic Attenuation in the Vicinity of the Superfluid Transition of Liquid Helium.- Superheating in He II.- Evaporation from Superfluid Helium.- Angular Distribution of Energy Flux Radiated from a Pulsed Thermal Source in He II below 0.3°K.- Electric Field Amplification of He II Luminescence Below 0.8°K.- Correlation Length and Compressibility of 4He Near the Critical Point.- Coexistence Curve and Parametric Equation of State for 4He Near Its Critical Point.- Effect of Viscosity on the Kapitza Conductance.- Liquid Disorder Effects on the Solid He II Kapitza Resistance.- The Kapitza Resistance between Cu (Cr) and 4He (3He) Solutions and Applications to Heat Exchangers.- Heat Transfer between Fine Copper Powders and Dilute 3He in Superfluid 4He.- Thermal Boundary Resistance between Pt and Liquid 3He at Very Low Temperatures.- The Leggett—Rice Effect in Liquid 3He Systems.- Helium Flow Through an Orifice in the Presence of an AC Sound Field.- Vortex Fluctuation Contribution to the Negative Ion Trapping Lifetime.- The Question of Ion Current Flow in Helium Films.- Impurity Ion Mobility in He II.- Measurement of Ionic Mobilities in Liquid 3He by a Space Charge Method.- Pressure Dependence of Charge Carrier Mobilities in Superfluid Helium.- Two-Dimensional Electron States Outside Liquid Helium.- An Experimental Test of Vinen’s Dimensional Theory of Turbulent He II.- Measurements on Ionic Mobilities in Liquid 4He.- Influence of a Grid on Ion Currents in He II.- Collective Modes in Vortex Ring Beams.- Tunneling from Electronic Bubble States in Liquid Helium Through the Liquid —Vapor Interface.- Positive Ion Mobility in Liquid 3He.- A Large Family of Negative Charge Carriers in Liquid Helium.- Temperature Dependence of the Electron Bubble Mobility Below 0.3° K.- Transport Properties of Electron Bubbles in Liquid He II.- Do Fluctuations Determine the Ion Mobility in He II near T??.- Absence of a Quadratic Term in the 4He Excitation Spectrum.- Theoretical Studies of the Propagation of Sound in Channels Filled with Helium II.- Developments in the Theory of Third Sound and Fourth Sound.- Thermal Excitation of Fourth Sound in Liquid Helium II.- Inelastic Scattering From Surface Zero-Sound Modes: a Model Calculation.- The Scattering of Low-Energy Helium Atoms at the Surface of Liquid Helium.- Inelastic Scattering of 4He Atoms by the Free Surface of Liquid 4He.- The Scattering of Light by Liquid 4He Close to the ?-Line.- Experiments on the Scattering of Light by Liquid Helium.- Brillouin Light Scattering from Superfluid Helium under Pressure.- Brillouin Scattering from Superfluid 3He–4He Mixtures.- Liquid Structure Factor Measurements on the Quantum Liquids.- The Functional Forms of S(k) and E(k) in He II as Determined by Scattering Experiments.- Effective Viscosity of Liquid Helium Isotope Mixtures.- The Viscosity of Dilute Solutions of 3He in 4He at Low Temperatures.- The Viscosity of 3He–4He Solutions.- Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid 3He–4He Mixtures Near the Tricritical Point Derived from Specific Heat Measurements.- Dielectric Constant and Viscosity of Pressurized 3He–4He Solutions Near the Tricritical Point.- Critical Opalescent Light Scattering in 3He–4He Mixtures Near the Tricritical Point.- Second-Sound Velocity, Gravitational Effects, Relaxation Times, and Superfluid Density Near the Tricritical Point in 3He–4He Mixtures.- Excitation Spectrum of 3He–4He Mixture and Its Effect on Raman Scattering.- The Low-Temperature Specific Heat of the Dilute Solutions of 3He in Super-fluid 4He.- Spin Diffusion of Dilute 3He–4He Solutions under Pressure.- The Spin Diffusion Coefficient of 3He in 3He–4He Solutions.- Nucleation of Phase Separation in 3He–4He Mixtures.- Renormalization of the 4He ?-Transition in 3He–4He Mixtures.- The Osmotic Pressure of Very Dilute 3He–4He Mixtures.- Pressure Dependence of Superfluid Transition Temperature in 3He–4He Mixtures.- Thermal Diffusion Factor of 3He–4He Mixtures: A Test of the Helium Interaction Potential.- Peculiarities of Charged Particle Motion in 3He–4He Solutions in Strong Electric Fields.- First-Sound Absorption and Dissipative Processes in 3He–4He Liquid Solutions and 3He.- of Other Volumes.- Index to Contributors.