Light in Biology and Medicine: Volume 1

ISBN-13: 9781461280439 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 461 str.

Ron H. Douglas; Johan Moan;Dall'acqua

Opis

Almost all life depends on light for its survival. It is the ultimate basis for the food we eat (photosynthesis), and many organisms make use of it in basic sensory mechanisms for guiding their behaviour, be it through the complex process of vision, or by the relatively more simple photosens itivity of microorganis urthermore, light has profound implications for the field of medicine, both as a cause of disease (ie UV damage of DNA), and as a therapeutic agent (ie photodynamic therapy). These and other processes are the basis for the science of photobiolog which could be defined as the study of the effects of (visible and ultraviolet) light (from both the sun and artificial sources) on living matter. By its very nature, therefore, it is a multidisciplinary science involving branches of biology, chemistry, physics and medicine. This book contains a selection of papers which have been chosen to highlight recent advances in the various disciplines that make up photo biology. Although no book on photobiology can hope to be comprehensive, we hope that this volume includes a representative sample of much of what is new in the field. It is, however, inevitable that some areas will be better represented than others reflecting the biases of conference org anisers and editors."

Spis treści

Luminescence Spectroscopy.- Laser Time-Resolved Fluorescence Studies for Investigating Chromophore-Biosubstrate Interactions.- Application of Polarized Luminescence in Biology and Medicine.- Time-Resolved Fluorimetry Using Synchrotron Radiation and Maximum Entropy Method of Analysis.- Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Adenosine.- Light-Scattering and Dosimetry.- Measurement of Biological Effective Irradiance and Irradiation.- The Optical Absorption and Scattering Properties of Tissues in the Visible and Near-Infrared Wavelength Range.- Photosensitization in a Light Scattering Medium.- Optical Dosimetry in Photodynamic Therapy.- Photosensitization on the Molecular Level.- Singlet Oxygen and Electron Transfer Induced Oxygenation Pathways in Reactions Photosensitized by Dicyanoanthracene and Hydroxy-Anthraquinones.- Mediating Effects of DNA on Some Photochemical Processes.- Photodynamic Effects on Cells.- Action Spectra for Photoinactivation of Cells in the Presence of Tetra-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)Porphyrin, Chlorin e6and Aluminium Phthalocyanine Tetra Sulphonate.- Mechanisms of Photodynamic Damage Induced in Cellular Systems.- Sister Chromatid Exchanges Induced by Photodynamic Treatment of Cells in the Presence of Photofrin II, Aluminium Phthalocyanine Tetrasulfonate and Tetra (3-hydroxphenyl) Porphyrin.- Clinical Aspects of Photodynamic Cancer Treatment.- The Role of the Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry of Tumors in the Seclective Retention of Sensitizers and the Mechanisms of Photosensitized Tumor Destruction.- New Developments and Future Prospects in the Clinical Applications of Photodynamic Therapy.- PDT of Bladder Tumor.- Comparison of Fluorescing and Photosensitizing Properties of Different Porphyrin - Derivative-Preparations.- New Sensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer.- Phototherapy of Hyperbilirubinemia.- Clinical and In Vitro Photochemistry of Bilirubin.- Unwanted Side Effects and Optimization of Phototherapy.- Long-Wavelength Phototherapy.- Phototherapy.- Ultraviolet Radiation Phototherapy for Psoriasis: The Use of a New Narrow Band UVB Fluorescent Lamp.- Home UV Treatment of Psoriasis: An Update.- 5-Methoxypsoralen and Other New Furocoumarins in the Treatment of Psoriasis.- Phototherapy of Pruritus.- Laser Angioplasty.- The Current Status of Laser Angioplasty.- Photochemistry.- Photobiochemistry Without Light: Intracellular Generation and Transfer of Electronic Energy.- Histadine: A Clastogenic Factor.- UV Effects.- Alteration of DNA Structure: The Common Result of the Interaction Between DNA and Physical and Chemical Agents.- UV-Enhanced Reactivation of UV-Irradiated SV40 is Due to Facilitated Transcription of the Viral Early Gene.- Differential Reactivation and Mutagenesis of Single- and Double-Stranded DNA Virus in Irradiated Cells from Ataxia Telangiectasia Patients.- Defence Against Solar Radiation Damage to Human Skin Cells.- Photototoxicology.- The Mouse Tail Phototoxicity Test.- Photohemolysis Techniques: An Update.- Systemic Reactions in Phototoxicity.- Minimizing Phototoxicity of Xenobiotics by In Vitro and In Vivo Research of Their Structural Analogues.- Reactive Oxygen Species and Other Mediators of Phototoxic Damage.- Undesired Phototoxicity: Cutaneous Reactions to Systemic Drugs.- Photoimmunology.- UVB Induced Production of Keratinocyte Derived Suppressor Factors.- A Systematic Influence of UV Radiation in Photocarcinogenesis.- Differential Effects of Various Physicochemical Agents on Murine Ia- and Thy-l Positive Dendritic Epidermal Cells.- Immunogenetic Modulation of Photoinduced Skin Tumors.- Pigmentation.- Photoreactivity of Different Psoralens in the Treatment of Vitiligo.- Photoprotective Functions of Eumelanin: Biophysical and Biochemical Properties of Eumelanin and Pheomelanin.- Enzymic and Light-Induced Conversion of 5.6-dihydroxyindole(s) to melanin(s).- Photoprotective Role of Melanin (Eumelanin) in Human Skin.- Melanogenic Potential of Various Furocoumarins in Normal and Vitiliginous Skin.- Visual Transduction.- Guanylate Cyclase Activity and Phototransduction in the Rod Outer Segment.- The Response of the Limulus Photoreceptor to the Absorption of Single Photons.- Photosensitivity in Microorganisms.- Advanced Techniques in Photobehavioral Studies: Light Scattering Techniques.- Advanced Techniques in Photobehavioral Studies: Computer-Aided Studies.- The Photomotile Responses in Blue-Green Algae.- The Photomotile Responses of Unicellular Eukaryotes.- Hydra Photoresponses to Different Wavelengths.- Absence of Co-operativity in the Primary Photoinduced Reaction of Bathointermediate Formation in the Photocycle of Bacteriorhodopsin at Room Temperature.- Photosynthesis.- The Structure of Antenna Polypeptides from Phototropic Bacteria and Cyanobacteria.- Stress and Adaptation in Photosynthesis.- The Supramolecular Structure of the Light-Harvesting System of Cyanobacteria and Red Algae.- Plant Photomorphogenesis.- Photomorphogenesis in the Natural Environment.