Legitimizing Science: National and Global Public (1800-2010)

ISBN-13: 9783593504872 / Angielski / Miękka / 2016 / 300 str.

Andreas Franzmann; Axel Jansen; Peter Munte

Opis

Since the founding in 1660 of the Royal Society, London, scientists engaging in experimental research have sought to establish a base for exploratory work in communities and their political institutions. This connection between science and the national state has only grown stronger during the past two centuries. Here, historians, sociologists, and jurists discuss the history of that relationship since 1800, asking such key questions as how have scientists conceived of the national setting for their transnational work in the past, and how do they situate their work in the context of globalization? Taken together, the essays reveal that while nineteenth-century scientists in many countries felt they had to fight for public recognition of their work, the twentieth century witnessed the national endorsement and planning of science. With essays ranging from an analysis of speeches by nineteenth-century German university presidents to the state of science in the context of European integration, this book will appeal to anyone interested in the public and political role of science and its institutions in the past, present, and future.

Spis treści

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments 7

Section I: Approaches

Legitimizing Science: Introductory Essay

Andreas Franzmann, Axel Jansen and Peter Münte 11

Transformations in the Interrelation between

Science and Nation-States: The Theoretical Perspective

of Functional Differentiation

Rudolf Stichweh 35

Section II: Science in Emerging Nation-States

State-Nation-University: The Nineteenth-Century

"German University Model" as a Strategy for National Legitimacy

in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland

Dieter Langewiesche 51

The Symbolic Formation of Science in its Historic Situation:

Rudolf Virchow on Science and the Nation

Peter Münte 81

Science in an Emerging Nation-State:

The Case of the Antebellum United States

Axel Jansen 115

The State-Technoscience Duo in India:

A Brief History of a Politico-Epistemological Contract

Shiju Sam Varughese 137

Section III: Legitimizing Fields of Investigation

Shifting Alliances, Epistemic Transformations: Horkheimer,

Pollock, and Adorno and the Democratization of West Germany

Fabian Link 159

Legitimizing Islamic Studies after 9/11

Andreas Franzmann 189

Stem Cell Debates in an Age of Fracture

Axel Jansen 221

The Internationalization of Science, Technology & Innovation (STI):

An Emerging Policy Field at the Intersection of Foreign Policy

and Science Policy?

Nina Witjes and Lisa Sigl 245

Section IV: Global Science

The Institutionalization of the European Research Area:

The Emergence of Transnational Research Governance

and its Consequences

Arne Pilniok 275

Universalized Third Parties: "Scientized" Observers and

the Construction of Global Competition between Nation-States

Tobias Werron 307

List of Figures 327

Contributors 328

O autorze

Axel Jansen, PD Dr., lehrte an den Universitäten Tübingen, Heidelberg, Frankfurt am Main und Kassel sowie an der University of California, Los Angeles; seit 2016 ist er Stellvertretender Direktor des Deutschen Historischen Instituts Washington.