Introduction: Part 1 Framework, Background and Subject1 Theoretical Approach; 2 Historical Roots 3 Jews and Muslims in London and Amsterdam; 4 Jewish-Muslim Relations in London and Amsterdam; Part 2 Sources of Conflict and Cooperation; 5 The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict; 6 Antisemitism and Islamophobia; 7 Attacks on Jewish and Muslim Targets; 8 Commemorations of Wars; 9 Connecting Themes; Part 3 Analyses and Conclusions; 10 Jewish-Muslims Relations Analysed; 11 Conclusions, Discussion and Looking Ahead; Appendices