"Irregular Migrants and the Sea at the Borders of Sabah, Malaysia: Pelagic Alliance is a compelling volume from start to finish. ... By bringing to the fore the powerful and evocative images of her informants, Somiah offers valuable insights into the cry of migrants to belong amid the heavy culture of surveillance ... . Her focus on weaving the unique experiences of her informants into the narrative deserves much credit. ... this book is a delight for the anthropologist reader." (Trixie M Tangit, Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 11 (3), December, 2022)
Acknowledgements
List of Figures
Chapter 1 Introduction: An Ecology of Irregularity
Introduction
Situating the Sabah Migration Crisis: People and Places
Important Considerations from the Field
How to Read this Book
Chapter 2 Kami Urang ‘Sini’ (We are from ‘Here’): Agency across Equivocal Space
Living in Fluid Permanence
State Security in Sandakan
Attempting Legality
Sini as Distinguishable Resistance
Chapter 3 Bilang yang Nakal-nakal Kami (We Speak of Naughty Things): Female
Empowerment through the Tides of the Sea
A Congregation of Separated Women
Regulating the Lone Female Migrant
Romance and Sex in a Water Village
Tides of Change
Postscript
Chapter 4 Maritime Journeys and Illicit Returns
Setting Off
Logistics of Returning
The Fishermen’s Course
God’s Living Sea
Over Land
Chapter 5 Haunted Shores: Youths in Pursuit of Belonging on the Shores of the Sulu Sea
A Nightly Haunting
Enlightened Undocumented Youths
On Shaky Ground
Stability by the Shores
Chapter 6 Conclusion
A Recapitulation
Locating the Migrant-Sea Nexus
Irregular Sea Movements of the Future
Index
Vilashini Somiah is Senior Lecturer in Gender Studies at the University of Malaya, Malaysia. A Sabahan anthropologist who received her PhD from the National University of Singapore, she has researched youth, migration, and marginalized Borneans living in the interiors, focusing particularly on underrepresented narratives.
This book is an exploration of the relationship between irregular migrants, many originating from southern Philippines and the sea, in their struggle against the realities of state power in Sabah. As their numbers grow exponentially into the 21st century, the only solution currently provided by the Malaysian government is routine repatriation. Yet, despite increased border security, they continue to return. Thus the question: why do deported migrants return, time and again, despite the serious risk of being caught? This book explores the ways in which these irregular migrants contest inconvenient national sea boundaries, the trauma of detention and deportation, and other impositions of state power by drawing on supernatural support from the sea itself. The sea empowers them, and through individual narratives of the sea, we learn that the migrants’ encounter with the state and its legal system only intensifies rather than discourages their relationship with the Malaysian state.