Introduction to the Theory of Radiopolarimetric Navigation Systems

ISBN-13: 9789811383977 / Angielski / Miękka / 2020 / 365 str.

Kozlov a I;Logvin a I;Sarychev V a

Spis treści

SECTION 1. POLARIZATION STRUCTURE OF THE AUTONOMOUS RADIONAVIGATION SYSTEMS SIGNALS

 

            1. Radiophysical provision of radiopolarimetric navigation systems. 

       1.1. Basic concepts and definitions of radiopolarimetry.

            1.2. Interconnection and comparison of different forms of signals polarization state in radiopolarimetric navigation systems.

            1.3. Polarization bases used to analyze the signals.

1.3.1. Expansion of polarized radionavigation systems signals in orthogonal polarization bases.

1.3.2. Expansion of polarized radionavigation systems signals in affine polarization bases.

            1.4. Basic characteristics of probability representations of the signals polarization structure.

     1.5. Quaternion representation of the signals  polarization state in navigation systems.

 

2. Analysis of the signals polarization of radiopolarimetric navigation systems using coordinate components

       2.1. Quadrature components

                        2.1.1. Basic properties and transformations

                        2.1.2. Probabilistic descriptions

            2.2. Complex components

                        2.2.1. Basic properties and transformations

                        2.2.2. Probabilistic description The Gaussian case.

                        2.2.3. Approximation of probabilistic models.

                   2.2.4. Probabilistic description. The Non-Gaussian case.

2.3. Coordinate components with broadband signals.

2.4. The representation of the ultra-broadband signals polarization state of navigation systems.

3. Analysis of the signal polarization state of navigation systems based on energy characteristics.

            3.1. The Coherence matrix

                        3.1.1. Basic properties and transformations

                        3.1.2. Probabilistic description

            3.2. The Stokes parameters

                        3.2.1. Basic properties and transformations

                        2.2.3. Probabilistic description The Gaussian case.

                        3.2.3. Probabilistic description The Non-Gaussian case.

            3.3. The Loss matrix

                        3.3.1. Basic properties and transformations

                        3.3.2.  Influence of spectral characteristics of radio waves on their polarization properties.

4. Analysis of the signal polarization of navigation systems in the plane of 

geometrical parameters

            4.1.  Polarization phasor

                        4.1.1. Basic properties and transformations

                        4.1.2. Probabilistic description The Gaussian case.

                        4.1.3. Probabilistic description The Non-Gaussian case.

            4.2.  Polarization ellipse

                        4.2.1. Probabilistic description The Gaussian case.

                        4.2.2. Probabilistic description The Non-Gaussian case.

5. Graphic representations of the signal polarization state in navigation systems

            5.1. Features of graphical representations

            5.2. Representation of polarization in cylindrical and stereographic projections

5.3. Representation of radio waves polarization in cartographic projections of the Poincaré sphere

            5.4. Representation of polarization of thermal radio emission

            5.5. Representation of polarization state on the plane.

5.6. Representation of polarization state of ultra-broadband and complex signals. 

 

SECTION 2. TRANSFORMATION OF THE POLARIZATION STRUCTURE OF THE SCATTERED AND EIGEN EMISSION OF NAVIGATION OBSERVATION OBJECTS

6. Scattering matrix and its basic properties

6.1. Scattered field and its characteristics

6.2. Stable objects of navigational observation

6.2.1. Complete scattering matrix

6.2.2. Single-position scattering matrix

6.2.3. Two - and multiple position scattering matrix

6.2.4. Scattering matrix in the affine polarization bases

6.3. Objects of navigational observation with non-linear characteristics

6.3.1. Non-linear scattering

6.3.2. Scattering matrix on non-linear reflectors 

6.3.3. Effective scattering are of non-linear reflectors

6.3.4. Basic equality of non-linear radiolocation

6.4. Fluctuating objects

7. Own radio emission and scattering of radio waves

7.1. Reflection from the stable reflecting objects

7.2. Reflection from the fluctuating objects

                        7.2.1. The Graves matrix and the covariance matrix

                        7.2.2. Polarization expansion of the fluctuating object

                        7.2.3. Reflection of radio waves

            7.3. Formation of polarized emission by inhomogeneous media

8. Scattering of polarized radio waves from

surface structures and backgrounds of navigational observation

            8.1. Smooth electrically homogeneous medium

            8.2. Smooth electrically inhomogeneous medium

                        8.2.1. Common relations

                        8.2.2. Exponential layer

                        8.2.3. Quadratic layer

                        8.2.4. Polynomial layer

                        8.2.5. Linear layer

                        8.2.6. Parabolic layer

                        8.2.7. Matching layer

                        8.2.8. Transition layer

            8.3. The equation for scattering matrix elements

            8.4. Uneven surfaces

                        8.4.1. Electrodynamic models of uneven surfaces

                        8.4.2. The scattering matrix for model 1

                        8.4.3. The scattering matrix for model 2

                        8.4.4. The scattering matrix for model 3

                        8.4.5. The scattering matrix for model 4

                        8.4.6. Statistical characteristics of the scattering matrix elements

 of uneven surfaces

                        8.4.7. Statistical characteristics of electric parameters of radar targets.

                        8.4.8. KLL-sphere and its properties

                        8.4.9. Determination of electrophysical characteristics of observation objects with incomplete information on spatio-temporal state of radiolocation signals

SECTION 3. RADIOPOLARIMETRY OF AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION SYSTEMS

9. Radiolocation in radiopolarimetry navigation systems

10. Definition of structure, target and background on results from radiopolarimetric measurements.

11. Results interpretation of the radiopolarimetric monitoring systems.

12. Radiopolarimetric structures of monitoring systems.

 

Conclusion

Appendices

Literature

 

O autorze

Zavalishin Oleg Ivanovich is the chief designer of research, development and production at Spektr LLC. He entered the Riga Institute of civil aviation engineers in 1973, graduated from G.V. Plekhanov People’s Economy Institute in Moscow with specialization in economic cybernetics in 1978. He has more than 30 scientific works, including 12 patents of the Federal Service for Intellectual Property on inventions and useful models in the field of radio engineering systems for satellite navigation, landing and flight safety enhancement systems. 

Kozlov Anatoliy Ivanovich is a Professor in the Department of Technical Operation of Radiotechnical Equipment for Air Transport. He graduated from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology with a degree in Radio Engineering (1962) and a postgraduate course at the same Institute, majoring in Mathematical Physics (1965). He defended his candidate’s thesis in 1965, and his doctoral dissertation in 1973. He is the author of about 300 scientific works, including 21 monographs, 25 textbooks and 13 patents for inventions of a number of radio engineering tools. As a scientific advisor and a scientific consultant he produced more than 70 candidates and Doctors of science. 

Logvin Alexander Ivanovich is a Professor in the Department of Navigation and Air Traffic Management, Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation. He graduated from the Kiev State University with specialization in Radio Physics (1966) and a postgraduate course at the Moscow State Technical N.E. Bauman University with specialization in Radiolocation and Radio Navigation (1965). He defended his candidate’s thesis in 1972, and his doctoral dissertation in 1987. He is the author of more than 500 scientific papers, including 10 monographs, 2 textbooks and 11 patents for invention of a number of radiotechnical means. 

Sarychev Valentin Aleksandrovich is a Professor and Deputy Chief Designer of Research and Production Enterprise Radar MMS JSC. He graduated from the Leningrad Institute of Aviation Instrument Engineering (Radio Engineering Department) in 1967. He defended his candidate’s thesis in 1971, and his doctoral dissertation in 1990. He is the author of 400 scientific, methodical and educational works, published in our country and abroad, comprising of 32 books and around 60 patents, most of which were to improve the tactical and technical characteristics of modern radio electronic equipment, and improvement of the quality of the personnel training systems for radio electronic industries. 

Shatrakov Yuriy Grigorievich, Professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Honored Science Worker of Russia, Laureate of State and St. Petersburg Government Prizes, RATS full member, graduated from Leningrad Institute of Aviation Instrumentation and Leningrad University (Physics and Mathematics Faculty). He was a full-time postgraduate student at All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Radio Equipment. He defended his thesis in 1966. He published 52 monographs and textbooks on radio navigation, radiolocation, production organization. He prepared more than 100 candidates and doctors of science as a scientific adviser and scientific consultant. Scientific directions founded under the guidance of Yu.G. Shatrakov are as follows: relative radio navigation; increased noise immunity of angle measuring systems due to suppression of correlation errors and interference; secondary radiolocation by individual numbers; reduction of labor intensity in the production of radio electronic products due to the introduction of flexible automated productions. He is the author of more than 400 scientific works, including 30 patents for inventions in the field of radio technical systems; Head of the industry (45 enterprises and research institutes) for the creation of navigation, landing and ATM (1978–1988) aids; scientific supervisor of international projects for the creation of the MLS with Thomson-CSF (1980–1988), with US enterprises for the creation of joint LRNSs (long-range radio technical navigation systems) (Tropic-Loran) (1984), chief designer of on-board antenna-feed systems; founder of the correlation interference theory in aviation radio technical complexes and systems.

Blurb

The book highlights three types of technologies being developed for autonomous solution of navigation problems. These technologies are based on the polarization structure, ultra-broadband and the fluctuation characteristics (slow and fast) of the radiolocation signals. The book presents the problems of intrinsic thermal radio emission polarization and change in radio waves polarization when they are reflected from objects with non-linear properties.

The purpose of this book is to develop the foundations for creating autonomous radionavigation systems to provide aviation with navigation systems that will substantially increase its capabilities, specifically acting where satellite technologies do not work. The book is intended for specialists involved in the development and operation of aviation-technical complexes, as well as for specialists of national aviation regulators and ICAO experts dealing with the problems of improving flight safety.