Introduction to Mobile Network Engineering: Gsm, 3g-Wcdma, Lte and the Road to 5g

ISBN-13: 9781119484172 / Angielski / Twarda / 2018 / 416 str.

Alexander Kukushkin

Opis

Currently, there are still three generations of mobile radio systems deployed in almost every country of the world.   This book describes principles of mobile radio technologies that are used in mobile phones and service providers infrastructure supporting their operation.

Spis treści

Foreword xvii

Acknowledgements xix

Abbreviations xxi

1 Introduction 1

2 Types of Mobile Network by Multiple–Access Scheme 3

3 Cellular System 5

3.1 Historical Background 5

3.2 Cellular Concept 5

3.3 Carrier–to–Interference Ratio 6

3.4 Formation of Clusters 8

3.5 Sectorization 9

3.6 Frequency Allocation 10

3.7 Trunking Effect 11

3.8 Erlang Formulas 13

3.9 Erlang B Formula 13

3.10 Worked Examples 14

4 Radio Propagation 19

4.1 Propagation Mechanisms 19

5 Mobile Radio Channel 27

5.1 Channel Characterization 28

5.2 Worked Examples 36

5.3 Fading 36

5.4 Diversity to Mitigate Multipath Fading 42

5.5 Worked Examples 44

5.6 Receiver Noise Factor (Noise Figure) 45

6 Radio Network Planning 49

6.1 Generic Link Budget 49

6.2 Worked Examples 56

7 Global SystemMobile, GSM, 2G 59

7.1 General Concept for GSM System Development 59

7.2 GSM System Architecture 59

7.3 Radio Specifications 69

7.4 Background for the Choice of Radio Parameters 81

7.5 Communication Channels in GSM 84

7.6 Mapping the Logical Channels onto Physical Channels 86

7.7 Signalling During a Call 93

7.8 Signal Processing Chain 97

7.9 Estimating Required Signalling Capacity in the Cell 100

References 102

8 EGPRS: GPRS/EDGE 103

8.1 GPRS Support Nodes 103

8.2 GPRS Interfaces 104

8.3 GPRS Procedures in Packet Call Setups 104

8.4 GPRS Mobility Management 105

8.5 Layered Overview of the Radio Interface 108

8.6 GPRS/GSM Territory in a Base–Station Transceiver 115

8.7 Summary 118

References 119

9 Third Generation Network (3G), UMTS 121

9.1 The WCDMA Concept 123

9.2 Major Parameters of 3G WCDMA Air Interface 136

9.3 Spectrum Allocation for 3G WCDMA 136

9.4 3G Services 138

9.5 UMTS Reference Network Architecture and Interfaces 140

9.6 Air–Interface Architecture and Processing 142

9.7 Channels on the Air Interface 146

9.8 Physical–Layer Procedures 150

9.9 RRC States 162

9.10 RRM Functions 167

9.11 Initial Access to the Network 169

9.12 Summary 170

References 171

10 High–Speed Packet Data Access (HSPA) 173

10.1 HSDPA, High–Speed Downlink Packet Data Access 173

10.2 HSPA RRM Functions 175

10.3 MAC–hs and Physical–Layer Processing 181

10.4 HSDPA Channels 182

10.5 HSUPA (Enhanced Uplink, E–DCH) 189

10.6 Air–Interface Dimensioning 192

10.7 Summary 203

References 204

11 4G–Long Term Evolution (LTE) System 205

11.1 Introduction 205

11.2 Architecture of an Evolved Packet System 206

11.3 LTE Integration with Existing 2G/3G Network 207

11.3.1 EPS Reference Points and Interfaces 208

11.4 E–UTRAN Interfaces 209

11.5 User Equipment 210

11.5.1 LTE UE Category 210

11.6 QoS in LTE 211

11.7 LTE Security 212

11.8 LTE Mobility 214

11.9 LTE Radio Interface 219

11.10 Principle of OFDM 220

11.11 OFDM Implementation using IFFT/FFT Processing 223

11.12 Cyclic Prefix 223

11.13 Channel Estimation and Reference Symbols 225

11.14 OFDM Subcarrier Spacing 227

11.15 Output RF Spectrum Emissions 227

11.16 LTE Multiple–Access Scheme, OFDMA 228

11.17 Single–Carrier FDMA (SC–FDMA) 229

11.18 OFDMA versus SC–FDMA Operation 230

11.19 SC–FDMA Receiver 231

11.20 User Multiplexing with DFTS–OFDM 231

11.21 MIMO Techniques 232

11.22 Link Adaptation and Frequency Domain Packet Scheduling 237

11.23 Radio Protocol Architecture 238

11.24 Downlink Physical Layer Processing 248

11.25 Downlink Control Channels 258

11.26 Mapping the Control Channels to Downlink Transmission Resources 264

11.27 Uplink Control Signalling 264

11.28 Uplink Reference Signals 271

11.29 Physical–Layer Procedures 273

11.30 LTE Radio Dimensioning 279

11.31 Summary 289

References 290

12 LTE–A 293

12.1 Carrier Aggregation 296

12.2 Enhanced MIMO 300

12.3 Coordinated Multi–Point Operation (CoMP) 303

12.4 Relay Nodes 309

12.5 Enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel (E–PDCCH) 315

12.6 Downlink Multiuser Superposition, MUST 315

12.7 Summary of LTE–A Features 317

References 317

13 Further Development for the Fifth Generation 319

13.1 Overall Operational Requirements for a 5G Network System 320

13.2 Device Requirements 320

13.3 Capabilities of 5G 321

13.4 Spectrum Consideration 321

13.5 5G Technology Components 322

13.6 5G System Architecture (Release 15) 335

13.7 New Radio (NR) 341

13.8 Summary 364

References 364

14 Annex: Base–Station Site Solutions 367

14.1 The Base–Station OBSAI Architecture 367

14.2 Common Public Radio Interface, CPRI 370

14.3 SDR and Multiradio BTS 371

14.4 Site Solution with OBSAI Type Base Stations 372

References 375

Index 377

O autorze

ALEXANDER KUKUSHKIN, PHD, Australia has worked within the telecommunications industry for 15 years for such major mobile network vendors as Ericsson, Lucent, Nokia, Nokia Siemens Network, and has been involved in consulting, system engineering, technical management, presales and rollout of the turn–key mobile network solutions in many parts of the world, including: Australia, USA, Germany, East Asia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia.

Blurb

SUMMARIZES AND SURVEYS CURRENT LTE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS FOR ENGINEERS AND NEWLY QUALIFIED SUPPORT STAFF

Concentrating on three mobile communication technologies, GSM, 3G–WCDMA, and LTE while majorly focusing on Radio Access Network (RAN) technology this book describes principles of mobile radio technologies that are used in mobile phones and service providers′ infrastructure, supporting their operation. It introduces some basic concepts of mobile network engineering used in design and rollout of the mobile network. It then follows up with principles, design constraints, and more advanced insights into radio interface protocol stack, operation, and dimensioning for three major mobile network technologies: Global System Mobile (GSM) and third (3G) and fourth generation (4G) mobile technologies. The concluding sections of the book are concerned with further developments toward next generation of mobile network (5G). Those include some of the major features of 5G such as a New Radio, NG–RAN distributed architecture, and network slicing. The last section describes some key concepts that may bring significant enhancements in future technology and services experienced by customers.

Introduction to Mobile Network Engineering: GSM, 3G–WCDMA, LTE and the Road to 5G covers the types of Mobile Network by Multiple Access Scheme; the cellular system; radio propagation; mobile radio channel; radio network planning; EGPRS – GPRS/EDGE; Third Generation Network (3G), UMTS; High Speed Packet data access (HSPA); 4G–Long Term Evolution (LTE) system; LTE–A; and Release 15 for 5G.

• Focuses on Radio Access Network technologies which empower communications in current and emerging mobile network systems
• Presents a mix of introductory and advanced reading, with a generalist view on current mobile network technologies
• Written at a level that enables readers to understand principles of radio network deployment and operation
• Fully illustrated with tables, figures, photographs, working examples with problems and solutions, and section summaries highlighting the key features of each technology described

Introduction to Mobile Network Engineering: GSM, 3G–WCDMA, LTE and the Road to 5G is an ideal text for postgraduate and graduate students studying wireless engineering and industry professionals requiring an introduction or refresher to existing technologies.