Integrated Computer-Aided Design of Mechanical Systems

ISBN-13: 9789401080248 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 196 str.

Shaker A. Meguid

Opis

In this book, the author has presented an introduction to the practical application of some of the essential technical topics related to computer-aided engineering (CAE). These topics include interactive computer graphics (ICG), computer-aided design (CAD), computer- and computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM). aided analysis (CAA) Unlike the few texts available, the present work attempts to bring all these seemingly specialised topics together and to demonstrate their integration in the design process through practical applications to real engineering problems and case studies. This book is the result of the author's research and teaching activities for several years of postgraduate and undergraduate courses in mechanical design of rotating machinery, computer-aided engineering, of finite elements, solid mechanics, engineering practical applications and properties of materials at Cranfield Institute of dynamics Technology, Oxford Engineering Science and the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST). It was soon realised that no books on the most powerful and versatile tools available to engineering designers existed. To satisfy this developing need, this book, on the use of computers to aid the design process and to integrate design, analysis and manufacture, was prepared.

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 1.1 The Developing Design Process.- 1.2 Design Methodology.- 1.3 Interactive Computer Graphics (ICG).- 1.4 Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE).- 1.4.1 Computer-Aided Design (CAD).- 1.4.2 Computer-Aided Analysis (CAA).- 1.4.3 Computer-Aided Draughting (CAD).- 1.4.4 Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM).- 1.5 Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES).- References.- 2 Three-Dimensional Automated Modelling.- 2.1 Automated Computer Graphics.- 2.2 Different Types of Modelling.- 2.2.1 Wire-Frame Modelling.- 2.2.2 Surface Modelling.- 2.2.3 Solid Modelling.- 2.3 Merits of Solid Modelling.- 2.4 Limitations of Solid Modelling.- References.- 3 Computer-Aided Design.- 3.1 Introduction.- First Case Study: Computer-Aided Design of Centrifugal Shot-Peening Equipment.- 3.2 The Shot-Peening Process.- 3.3 Historical Background.- 3.4 Design Constraints and Requirements.- 3.5 Conceptual Designs.- 3.5.1 A Simple Model to Determine the Rotational Speed of the Wheel.- 3.5.2 Computer-Aided Assembly of the Different Components of the Wheel Design.- Second Case Study: Computer-Aided Design of a Fluid Coupling.- 3.6 Principle of Operation.- 3.7 Design Constraints and Requirements.- 3.8 Flow Models and Analysis.- 3.9 Conceptual Design.- 3.10 Evaluation of Coupling Design.- 3.11 Modified Design.- 3.12 The Need for Engineering Analysis.- References.- 4 Fundamentals of the Finite Element Method.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Fundamental Concept of the Finite Element Method.- 4.3 Fundamentals of Linear Elasticity.- 4.3.1 Stresses and Strains.- 4.3.2 Stress-Strain Relationships.- 4.3.3 Plane Stress and Plane Strain.- 4.3.4 Equilibrium Equations.- 4.3.5 Compatibility Equations.- 4.4 Principles of Finite Elements.- 4.4.1 Discretisation of a Body.- 4.4.2 Types of Elements.- 4.4.3 Division of the Body into Elements.- 4.4.4 Labelling of Nodes.- 4.4.5 Effect of Mesh Refinement and Higher Order Elements upon Accuracy of Solution.- 4.5 Interpolation Polynomial Functions.- 4.5.1 The Pascal Triangle.- 4.5.2 Lagrange Polynomials.- 4.6 Isoparametric Finite Element Representation.- 4.6.1 Intrinsic Co-ordinate System.- 4.6.2 Isoparametric Elements.- 4.7 Derivation of a General Expression for Element Stiffness Matrix.- 4.7.1 Isoparametric Elements: Stiffness Formulation.- 4.8 Computer Implementation of Finite Element.- 4.8.1 Automatic Mesh Generation.- 4.8.2 Input Data.- 4.8.3 Element Stiffness Matrix Generation and Assembly.- 4.8.4 Solution of Simultaneous Equations.- 4.9 Conclusions.- References.- 5 Computer-Aided Analysis.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 General Purpose Finite Element Software.- 5.3 Computer-Aided System for Data Processing.- 5.3.1 Pre-and Post-Processing.- 5.4 Interactive Mesh Generation.- 5.5 Non-Linear Structural Analysis.- First Case Study: Computer-Aided Analysis of Wheel- Assembly.- 5.6 Structural Stress Analysis.- 5.6.1 Geometry Definition, Model Preparation and Model Checking.- 5.6.2 Applied Loads and Imposed Restraints.- 5.6.3 Static Stress Analysis.- 5.7 Dynamic Response Studies.- 5.7.1 Modelling of the Assembly.- 5.7.2 Dynamic Response Analysis.- Second Case Study: Computer-Aided Analysis of Fluid Coupling.- 5.8 Structural Stress Analysis and Dynamic Response Studies.- 5.9 Conclusions.- References.- 6 Computer-Integrated Manufacturing.- 6.1 Computer-Controlled Machine Tools.- 6.2 Types of Control Systems for NC Machines.- 6.3 NC Part-Programming Languages.- 6.4 NC Programming with Interactive Graphics.- 6.5 Tool Path Generation.- First Case Study: Computer-Integrated Manufacturing of Critical Components of Wheel-Assembly.- 6.6 Choice of Materials.- 6.7 Manufacture of Wheel-Assembly.- 6.8 Development of NC Machining Programs.- 6.8.1 Machining of Main Shaft.- 6.8.2 Roughing Cut.- 6.8.3 Finishing Cut.- 6.8.4 Circlips and Undercut Machining.- 6.8.5 Milling Cut of Slots in Discs.- Second Case Study: Computer-Integrated Manufacturing of Fluid Coupling.- 6.9 Choice of Materials and NC Machining Programs.- 6.9.1 Machining of Coupling’s Output Shaft.- 6.9.2 Finishing Cut of Rotor.- 6.9.3 Cutter Location Source Files (CLSF).- 6.10 Concluding Remarks.- References.