Insect Neurochemistry and Neurophysiology

ISBN-13: 9781468446456 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 524 str.

A. B. Borkovec

Opis

The function of the central nervous system as a coordinator and regulator of cellular processes in multicellular organisms is unequivocal. Until recently, however, the chemical evidence necessary for validating speculations on neurophysiological function in inverte- brates has been lacking. In insects, because of their small size, heroic efforts were needed to collect the millions of tissues or organs necessary for isolation and identification of neurochemicals. With the spec- tacular advances in physical and analytical technology within the last decade and with significant advances in radiochemical, radioimmunological and neurophysiological assays, researchers are, for the first time, able to handle microgram and nanogram quantities of complex biological substances. More recent developments in immunology promise to lower these levels further. It is not surprising that these new opportunities accelerated progress in insect neuroscience and that the time was right for a rapid and personal exchange of ideas and information on techniques. These considerations were the primary impetus for convening the International Conference on Insect Neurochemistry and Neurophysiology (ICINN) at the University of Maryland, College Park, MD, on August 1-3, 1983.

Spis treści

Reviews.- Neurosecretory Activity and Its Regulation.- Ionic Basis of Electrical Activity in Insect Nerve Cells and Synapses.- Pharmacology of Neurotransmitter Receptors and Ion Channels in the Insect CNS.- Isolation and Characterization of Neurohormones from Locusts.- Neuroendocrine Controls on Insect Reproduction.- The Role of Biogenic Amines in the Regulation of Peptidergic Neurosecretory Cells.- Cyclic AMP and Protein Phosphorylation as a Transducing Mechanism for Certain Neurohormones and Neurotransmitters.- Extrinsic Control of Physiological Processes Mediated by the Insect Neuroendocrine System.- Comparative Aspects of Insect-Vertebrate Neur ohormones.- Techniques.- Immunochemical Applications in the Study of Insect Neuropeptides with Special Emphasis on the Peptides of Vertebrate type.- The Isolation of Insect Neuropeptides Using Reverse-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography.- Microsequencing Strategies for Insect Neuropeptides.- The Investigation of Insect Neuropeptide Structure-Activity Relationships.- Neurosecretion in Insects: Strategies for Cellular Analysis.- The Use of Cloned cDNA Probe and Peptide Radioimmunoassay to Examine Transcriptional and Translational Regulation of Enkephalin Expression in Eukaryotic Cells.- Summaries of Recent Research.- Actions of Synthetic Adipokinetic Hormone and Related Peptide Analogs on Dispersed Locust Fat Body Cell Preparations.- Cholinergic Neurones in Neuronal Cultures From Periplaneta americana.- Role of the Frontal Ganglion in Lepidopterous Insects.- Chemical and Biological Properties of the Prothoracicotropins of Manduca sexta.- Neurochemical Analysis of Cholinergic Elements in Insect Synaptosomes.- Endogenous N-Acety 1-5-hydroxytryptaraine (NA-5-HT) in Insect Cerebral Ganglia.- Nonlinear Maserlike Radiation in Biological Systems.- A Protein Synthesis Stimulating Hormone in the Locust.- Proctolin and a Second Myotropic Peptide from the Hindgut of the Cockroach Leucophaea maderae.- Estimation of Octopamine and Its Role in the Release of a Hypertrehalosemic Factor in the American Cockroach, Periplaneta americana.- Morphological Basis for a New Type of Photoneuroendocrine Mechanism in the Cricket Melanogryllus desertus.- The Influence of Temperature on Photoperiodic Control of Diapause Induction in Different Strains of the European Corn Borer.- Picrotoxin Activates Adult Development and Neurohaemal Nerve Spikes in Manduca sexta.- Stimulation of JH III Synthesis In Vitro by an Allatotropic Factor from the Brain of the Tobacco Hornworm, Manduca sexta.- Analysis of Gustatory Activity Using Computer Techniques.- Comparative Pharmacology of Insect and Tick Nerve Muscle Synapse.- Functional Organization of Chemical-Sensory Pathways in Larval and Adult Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera).- Isolation of Myotropic Factors from the Head of the Cockroach Leucophaea maderae.- Prothoracicotropic Hormone-Like Effects of Biogenic Amines in Lepidopterous Larvae.- Precocious Pupation in Chelonus Parasitized Trichoplusia ni: the Endocrine Basis of This Anti-Juvenile Hormone Effect.- Regulation of Juvenile Hormone Esterase Activity in Larvae of the Cabbage Looper, Trichoplusia ni.- Bioassay and Preliminary Properties of the Hypertrehalosemic Hormone of Blaberus discoidalis cockroaches.- Oostatic Hormone and Biogenic Amines as Inhibitors of Ovarian Maturation in House Flies and Mosquitoes.- Development of GABA Levels in the CNS of Manduca sexta.- Hormonal Control of Haemolymph Lipid During Flight in the Locust, Locusta migratoria.- Endocrine-Like Cells in the Midgut of Aedes aegypti.- Cholinergic Titers in the Brain of Manduca sexta During Larval-Pupal Development.- Progressive Changes in Stainable Neurosecretion in Brains of Heliothis virescens throughout the Last Larval Instar.- Neurophysin-Like Molecules in the Locust.- Preparation of Egg Development Neurosecretory Hormone Using Reverse-Phase Liquid Chromatographic Techniques.- Use of HPLC to Purify Physiologically Active Peptides in Head Extracts of the Mosquito Aedes aegypti.- Morphology of the Neuroendocrine Elements of the Retrocerebral System of the Adult Stable Fly, Stomoxys calcitrans.- Recent Progress in the Isolation and Characterization of Locust Diuretic Hormone.- Neurosecretory Control of Feeding and Digestion by Ovarian Endocrine Factor in Dysdercus cingulatus.- Immunohistochemical Demonstration of Brain-Midgut Endocrine System in the Cockroach.- Purification and Properties of Prothoracicotropic Hormone (PTTH) from Developing Adult Brains of the Silkworm Bombyx mori.- Dopamine, Noradrenaline and 5-Hydroxytryptamine in the Cerebral Ganglia of Periplaneta americana.- Separation and Isolation of a Locust Diuretic Hormone.- Neurohormonal Control of Sex Pheromone Production in Heliothis zea.- The Formation of the Insect Blood-Brain Barrier: Evidence from the Cockroach Nerve Cord Against the Tight Junction Hypothesis.- Hormone Release in Locusta migratoria in Relation to Insecticide Poisoning Syndrome.- Insecticide-Induced Depletion of Synaptic Vesicles in Insect Central Nervous System.- Regulation of Juvenile Hormone Synthesis by the Corpora Allata During Pregnancy in the Viviparous Cockroach, Diploptera punctata.- Rapid Isolation of Proctolin and Other Pharmacologically Active Constituents from Cockroach Tissues.- Cardioacceleratory Peptides (CAPs) and the Insect Heart.- In vitro Analysis of Brain Ecdysiotropin of the Diapausing and Non-Diapausing Southwestern Corn Borer, Diatraea grandiosella Dyar.- Participants.- Author Index.