Indoor Air Quality

ISBN-13: 9783540515807 / Angielski / Miękka / 1990 / 510 str.

Hitoshi Kasuga

Opis

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) as a harmful influence on the health of nonsmokers has been a controversial topic since the early 1980s. The International Conference on Indoor Air Quality held in Tokyo examined in great detail the relationship between passive smoking and lung cancer as revealed by a large cohort study. The participants were all highly qualified and experienced experts of world renown in their own fields of specialty. The deleterious effect of cigarette smoking on health is considered an established fact and as such has been used as a basic weapon in anti-smoking campaigns. There are, however, some questionable areas such as confronting variables, degree of correlation, the overall consistency of the data, and the problems of ETS measurement. Reports on other indoor pollution problems such as the presence of No2, CO, and particulates in indoor air, together with the problem of indoor air pollution in the lesser-developed countries were also given. This collection of papers will contribute greatly to research into tobacco smoking epidemiology and assist in establishing a clear focus on an issue which has tended to become hopelessly obscured.

Spis treści

Opening Address.- Keynote Lectures.- Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer: A Critical Assessment.- Measuring Exposure and Assessing Health Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke.- Increased Risk of Lung Cancer in Non-smokers Married to Smokers: A Result of ETS Exposure or of Bias?.- An Introduction to the Study of Smoking Using Urinary Hydroxyproline.- 1: Environmental Tobacco Smoke Measurement.- The Aging of Sidestream Tobacco Smoke Components in Ambient Environments.- Indoor Air Quality: The Contribution of Environmental Tobacco Smoke.- Personal Exposure to Ambient Nicotine in Different Seasons.- The Measurement of ETS Through Adsorption/Desorption Procedures.- Removal of Cigarette Smoke Particulates from Room Environment.- Results from Surveys of Environmental Tobacco Smoke in Offices and Restaurants.- Strategy for Future ETS Exposure Measurements Relative to Its Transient Nature and Other Indoor Air Pollutants.- Assessment of ETS Impact on Office Air Quality.- ETS in Offices and When Smoking Is Restricted to Designated But Not Separately Ventilated Areas.- 2: Biological Effects Associated with Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke.- Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer — Recent Aspects on Confounders and Dose Levels.- Urinary Mutagenicity, Hydroxyphenanthrene, and Thioether Excretion After Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke.- The Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Pulmonary Function.- Are There Any Impairments of Maximal Expiratory Flow-Volume Curves by Passive Smoking?.- Effects of Light or Moderate Smoking on Birth Weight or on Serum Biochemical Components in Infants of Japanese Women.- Psychophysiological Response to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in an Experimental Social Setting.- Acute Cardiovascular Responses to Experimental Passive Smoking in Young, Healthy, Adult Men.- Involuntary Smoking and Urinary Cotinine.- A Comparison of Plasma and Urinary Nicotine and Cotinine Levels in Smokers and Nonsmokers: Nicotine Excretion Pathways Are Possibly Differential According to the Dosage of Tobacco Smoke Uptake.- The Significance of Urinary Hydroxyproline Excretion in Smokers and Passive Smokers.- The Effect of Parental Smoking and Industrial Pollution on Birth Weight.- Effect of Sidestream Smoke (Passive Smoke) on Cell Viability and Interferon Production.- Passive Exposure to Nicotine in Daily Environment.- 3: Epidemiology of Passive Smoking.- Harvard’s Indoor Air Pollution Health Study.- Chest Diseases of Elderly Women Due to Domestic Cooking and Passive Smoking: The Cracow Study.- Model Specification Effects in ETS/Nutrition Research.- Effect of Paternal Smoking on Fetuses.- Passive Smoking as a Low Level Carcinogen: Epidemiologic Risk Assessment.- Passive Smoking and Lung Cancer: An American Cancer Society Study.- Is There a Threshold Effect for ETS? Results of Data from Chinese Females Who Had Never Smoked.- Passive Smoking and Cancer: The Association Between Husbands Smoking and Cancer in the Lung of Non-smoking Wives.- Air Pollution and Lung Cancer.- Meta-Analyses on Passive Smoking and Lung Cancer.- Epidemiological Issues on Involuntary Smoking and Lung Cancer.- Passive Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Reanalysis of Hirayama’s Data.- What Is the Epidemiologic Evidence for a Passive Smoking-Lung Cancer Association?.- 4: General Indoor Air Pollution.- Comparison of Personal NO2 Exposures Among the USA and Asian Countries.- The Relationship Between Respiratory Illness in Children and Gas Cookers and Paraffin Heaters in the UK.- Indoor Nitrogen Dioxide Pollution Associated with Gas Stoves and Unvented Heaters in Japan.- Highly Sensitive Methods for the Evaluation of Carcinogens and Mutagens Indoor.- Health Effects of 50 Selected Constituents of Environmental Tobacco Smoke.- Indoor Air Pollution from Tobacco Smoke as Seen by Scientists in Governmental Administration.- Source, Nature, and Symptomology of Indoor Air Pollutants.- Health Aspects of Indoor Air Pollution by Organic Matter and Combustion Products.- Indoor Tuberculosis Infections in Small Offices in Downtown Tokyo.- Experimental Studies on the Odor of Cigarette Smoke.- Lung Cancer and Indoor Air Pollution in Xuan Wei, China: Current Progress.- Characterization of Indoor Pollution in Korea.- Indoor Air Quality and the Pollution Transition.- Domestic Smoke Pollution and Acute Respiratory Infection in a Rural Community of the Hill Region of Nepal.- Panel Discussions.- ETS Measurements, Biological Effects of ETS, and Indoor Air Pollution.- Epidemiology of Passive Smoking and Lung Cancer (I).- Epidemiology of Passive Smoking and Lung Cancer (II).- Outline.