Individual Behavior and Community Dynamics

ISBN-13: 9780412994111 / Angielski / Miękka / 1997 / 224 str.

Opis

A book blending evolution and trophic dynamics, taking into account recent advances in both behavioral and population ecology, is long overdue. A central objective of this book is to consider whether adaptive behavioral decisions on the individual organism level might tend to stabilize trophic interactions. A second major goal of the book is to explore the implications of presumably adaptive behaviors on trophic dynamics and the implications of trophic dynamics for the evolution of adaptive behaviors. All evolutionary biologists, ecologists, and behavioral ecologists should find this exciting volume essential reading.

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 1.1 Objectives.- 1.2 Topics to be Covered.- 1.3 Predator—Prey Dynamics.- 1.4 Competition.- 1.5 Summary.- 2 Diet Selection.- 2.1 Nutrient-Maximizing Diets.- 2.1.1 Experimental Evidence for Optimal Diets.- 2.1.2 Partial Preferences.- 2.1.3 Diet Selection and the Functional Response.- 2.1.4 Experimental Tests of the Functional Response.- 2.1.5 Diet Choice and Population Dynamics.- 2.2 Evolutionary Dynamics of Diet Selection.- 2.3 Balanced Nutrient Diets.- 2.3.1 Experimental Evidence for Balanced Diets.- 2.3.2 Balanced Diets and Population Dynamics.- 2.4 Summary.- 3 Prey Defense.- 3.1 Types of Defenses.- 3.2 Defense Effects and Population Parameters.- 3.3 Parameter Effects on Dynamics.- 3.4 Time Allocation.- 3.4.1 Risk-Sensitive Prey.- 3.4.2 3-Link System.- 3.5 Optimal Defense.- 3.5.1 Perfectly Timed Induced Defense.- 3.5.2 Lagged Induced Defense.- 3.6 Summary.- 4 Habitat Use and Spatial Structure.- 4.1 Habitat Variation.- 4.2 Energy-Maximizing Habitat Use.- 4.2.1 Experimental Evidence for Optimal Habitat Choice.- 4.2.2 Habitat Choice and Predator—Prey Dynamics.- 4.2.3 Habitat Choice and Competitive Dynamics.- 4.3 Evasion of Predators by Prey.- 4.3.1 Experimental Evidence of Predator Evasion.- 4.3.2 Food Chain Dynamics.- 4.4 Spatial Structure.- 4.4.1 Experimental Evidence of Optimal Patch Use.- 4.4.2 Patchy Predator—Prey Dynamics.- 4.4.3 Experimental Evidence of Patchy Predator—Prey Dynamics.- 4.5 Summary.- 5 Size-Selective Predation.- 5.1 Diet Selection Model.- 5.1.1 Self-Thinning.- 5.1.2 Size-Dependent Consumption.- 5.1.3 Size-Selection and Population Dynamics.- 5.2 Partial Predation Model.- 5.2.1 Consumption Model.- 5.2.2 Partial Predation and Population Dynamics.- 5.3 The Size Structure Challenge.- 5.4 Summary.- 6 Interference and Territoriality.- 6.1 Interference.- 6.1.1 Interference and Population Dynamics.- 6.1.2 Social Structure and Interference Levels.- 6.1.3 Spatial Structure and Interference.- 6.2 Territoriality.- 6.2.1 Optimal Territory Size.- 6.2.2 Evidence for Optimal Territory Size.- 6.2.3 Optimal Territory Size and Population Dynamics.- 6.2.4 Systematic Foraging.- 6.2.5 Central-Place Foraging and Prey Spatial Refugia.- 6.2.6 Central-Place Foraging and Population Dynamics.- 6.3 Summary.- 7 Epilogue.- References.