Imaging of the Human Brain in Health and Disease

ISBN-13: 9780124186774 / Angielski / Twarda / 2013 / 517 str.

Seeman, Philip Madras, Bertha

Opis

Brain imaging technology remains at the forefront of advances in both our understanding of the brain and our ability to diagnose and treat brain disease and disorders. Imaging of the Human Brain in Health and Disease examines the localization of neurotransmitter receptors in the nervous system of normal, healthy humans and compares that with humans who are suffering from various neurologic diseases. Opening chapters introduce the basic science of imaging neurotransmitters, including sigma, acetylcholine, opioid, and dopamine receptors. Imaging the healthy and diseased brain includes brain imaging of anger, pain, autism, the release of dopamine, the impact of cannabinoids, and Alzheimer's disease. This book is a valuable companion to a wide range of scholars, students, and researchers in neuroscience, clinical neurology, and psychiatry, and provides a detailed introduction to the application of advanced imaging to the treatment of brain disorders and disease.

• A focused introduction to imaging healthy and diseased brains
• Focuses on the primary neurotransmitter release
• Includes sigma, acetylcholine, opioid, and dopamine receptors
• Presents the imaging of healthy and diseased brains via anger, pain, autism, and Alzheimer's disease

Spis treści

Chapter 1: Neuroimaging of Addiction - N. Volkow

Chapter 2: Brain PET Imaging in the Cannabinoid System - Wong et al.

Chapter 3: Brain Imaging of Cannabinoid Receptors - Casteels et al.

Chapter 4: Human Brain Imaging of Opioid Receptors: Application to CNS Biomarker and Drug Development - Udi E. Ghitza

Chapter 5: Brain Imaging of Sigma Receptors - Sakata et al.

Chapter 6: Human Brain Imaging of Acetylcholine Receptors - Toyohara et al.

Chapter 7: Human Brain Imaging of Adenosine Receptors - Mishina et al.

Chapter 8: Human Brain Imaging of Dopamine D1 Receptors - Fujiwara et al.

Chapter 9: Human Brain Imaging of Dopamine Transporters - Varrone et al.

Chapter 10: Imaging of Dopamine and Serotonin Receptors and Transporters - Felicio et al.

Chapter 11: Imaging the Dopamine D3 Receptor In Vivo - Slifstein et al.

Chapter 12: Dopamine Receptors and Dopamine Release - R. Kessler

Chapter 13: Dopamine Receptor Imaging in Schizophrenia: Focus on Genetic Vulnerability - Hirvonen et al.

Chapter 14: Human Brain Imaging In Tardive Dyskinesia - Chatziioannou et al.

Chapter 15: Human Brain Imaging of Autism Spectrum Disorders - Brasic et al.

Chapter 16: Radiotracers Used to Image the Brains of Patients with Alzheimer 's Disease - George et al.

Chapter 17: Human Brain Imaging of Anger - Ghaznavi et al.

Chapter 18: Imaging Pain in the Human Brain - Loggia et al.

Chapter 19: Imaging of Neurochemical Transmission in the Central Nervous System - Deuitch et al.

Chapter 20: Characterizing Recovery of the Human Brain following Stroke: Evidence from fMRI Studies - La et al.

O autorze

Philip Seeman was born in Winnipeg, Canada. He received a B.Sc. and an M.D. from McGill University. He received a Ph.D. in Life Sciences in 1966, working with Dr. George Palade (1974 Nobel Laureate, Medicine/Physiology) at Rockefeller University. Since 1967 he has been at the University of Toronto, Department of Pharmacology, and served as its Chairman between 1977 and 1987. He is cross-appointed as a Professor of Psychiatry, and has held the University's Tanenbaum Chair in Neuroscience. His work between 1964 and 1974 on the membrane actions of drugs led him to his discovery of the antipsychotic receptor, now re-named the dopamine D2 receptor. This research forms an experimental basis for the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia. In 1990-91 Dr. Seeman and his research group, including H.B. Niznik, H. Van Tol and R. Sunahara, cloned three dopamine receptors: D1, D4 and D5.

He has trained over 100 graduate students and Fellows. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. He has received 25 awards, including the Lieber Award of NARSAD (the National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Depression), the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Society for Biological Psychiatry, the Ariens Receptor award of the Dutch Pharmacology Society, the Stanley Dean Award of the American College of Psychiatrists, the first Prix Galien award in North America, the Pasarow Foundation award in Neuropsychiatry, the Canada Council Killam Prize, and the Order of Canada. He has written approximately 750 publications.

Dr. Madras is Professor of Psychobiology at Harvard Medical School (HMS), is cross-appointed at the Massachusetts General Hospital and founded the Division of Neurochemistry at the HMS Primate Center. She served as Deputy Director for Demand Reduction in the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), a Presidential appointment confirmed unanimously by the Senate. Her discoveries in addiction neurobiology and pharmacology informed her development of candidate medications and brain imaging probes, the latter widely used in clinical research of drug mechanisms, neurotoxicity, Parkinson's disease diagnosis, ADHD, other neuropsychiatric disorders. The Division also developed naturalistic primate genotype/phenotype models of psychiatric disorders. Her current research focuses on molecular adaptations which conceivably alter the trajectory of brain development in adolescent drug users. She has authored numerous scientific manuscripts, co-edited the "The Cell Biology of Addiction”, and received 19 patents with collaborators. Her commitment to academic and public education is reflected in her mentorship of students, creation of courses on addiction biology (HMS, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) and a Boston Museum of Science exhibit and CD (licensed by Disney Corp. in 2006) on how drugs affect the brain. At ONDCP, her public health approach to Demand Reduction featured medicalization of Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) services. She spearheaded approval of SBIRT CPT® Medicaid and Medicare billing codes, web-based screening/training, and a UN endorsement of SBIRT. Recognition includes NIH-NIDA MERIT, Public Service and Career Scientist awards, an American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry Founders' Award, Marian Fischman Award, and designation of the imaging agent altropane in "The Better World Report, 2006”, as one of "25 technology transfer innovations that changed the world”. She has delivered hundreds of presentations on addiction and related topics to various groups nationally and globally.