Imagery and Related Mnemonic Processes: Theories, Individual Differences, and Applications

ISBN-13: 9781461291114 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 470 str.

Mark A. McDaniel; Michael Pressley

Opis

Scientific work on mnemonics and imagery conducted in the 1960s and early 1970s was directed at testing enthusiastic claims of the efficacy of memory tech niques developed by the ancient Greeks and further refined in the popular litera ture by "professional" mnemonists. The early research on imagery and mnemonics confirmed many of these claims and also illuminated the limitations of some techniques (e. g., bizarre imagery). As such, these seminal studies clearly were valuable in providing a solid data base and, perhaps as important, making imagery and mnemonics acceptable research areas for experimental psycholo gists and educators. After this initial surge of work, however, it seemed that sub sequent contributions met with the attitude that "mnemonic techniques and imagery help memory, what else is new?" This attitude was not completely justi fied, however, given the theoretical insights from the work of such imagery and mnemonics pioneers as Gorden Bower, Allan Paivio, and William Rohwer. In the 1980s this claim is completely unjustified. Research on mnemonics and imagery has grown in exciting ways. Researchers are tapping the area's theoretical potential, both in terms of extending basic memory theories to account for the robust effects produced by mnemonic techniques and in terms of using explanations of mnemonic effects to understand basic memory processes. Individual differences in the use of imagery and mnemonic encoding activities are also being explored. This research has provided valuable information for basic memory theories (e. g."

Spis treści

I: Theoretical Perspectives.- 1 A Dual Coding Perspective on Encoding Processes.- 2 Mnemonic Devices and Memory Schemas.- 3 A Theoretical Account of Encoding and Retrieval Processes in the Use of Imagery-Based Mnemonic Techniques: The Special Case of the Keyword Method.- 4 Distinctiveness and the Mnemonic Benefits of Bizarre Imagery.- 5 Bizarreness and the Imagery Multiprocess Model.- 6 Yet Another Picture of Imagery: The Roles of Shared and Distinctive Information in Memory.- 7 Reversing the Picture Superiority Effect.- II: Individual Differences.- 8 Individual Differences in the Control of Imagery Processing: Knowing How, Knowing When, and Knowing Self.- 9 Individual Imagery Differences and Prose Processing.- 10 Imagery and Memory in the Blind: A Review.- 11 Development of Elaboration and Organization in Different Socioeconomic-Status and Ethnic Populations.- 12 Elaborative Propensities During Adolescence: The Relationships Among Memory Knowledge, Strategy Behavior, and Memory Performance.- 13 The Development of Good Strategy Use: Imagery and Related Mnemonic Strategies.- III Applications.- 14 The Efficacy of Imagery Mnemonics Following Brain Damage.- 15 Special Educational Applications of Mnemonics.- 16 Mnemonic Instruction in Special Education.- 17 Explorations in Mnemonic Training.- 18 Mnemonic Prose-Learning Strategies.- 19 Process Mnemonics: Principles, Prospects, and Problems.- 20 The Role of Mnemonic Strategies in Study Effectiveness.- Author Index.