Hydrothermal Reactions for Materials Science and Engineering: An Overview of Research in Japan

ISBN-13: 9789401068192 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 505 str.

S. Somiya

Opis

According to the late Professor Emeritus Seitaro Tsuboi, l the word 'hydrothermal' was used as early as 1849 by a British geologist, Sir Roderick Murchison (1792-187 I), in relation to the action of heated water in bringing about change in the earth's crust. The term abounds in later geological literature, and is most frequently met in connection with the processes that take place at a stage near the closing in the course of consolidation of magma. When a cooling magma reaches that stage, the residual liquid contains a large proportion of volatile components, chiefly water, and further cooling results in the formation of minerals of special interest or ore-deposits. A great concern of Tsuboi's as a petrologist was to elucidate the details of the nature of various actions involved in these 'hydrothermal processes', of which little was known. It is remarkable that, in the last few decades, extensive high-temperature and high-pressure experiments, in which water plays an important role, have become practicable in laboratories, owing to the development of new apparatus and new methods. As a result, the knowledge essential to the elucidation of 'hydrothermal processes' has been improved, but is still far from complete

Spis treści

1: Hydrothermal Reaction Sintering.- Hydrothermal Reaction Sintering of Pure Cr2O3.- Hydrothermal Reaction Sintering of Cr2O3 and Iron Oxides.- Fabrication of Dense, Nonstabilized ZrO2 Ceramics by Hydrothermal Reaction Sintering.- Hydro thermal Reaction Sintering of Monoclinic Zirconia.- Hydrothermal Reaction-Sintering of Monoclinic HfO2.- Hydrothermal Reaction Sintering of High Density Sintered Oxides.- Hydrothermal Reaction Sintering of Oxides.- Hydrothermal Preparation and Sintering of Fine Ceramic Powders.- The Processing of a Permalloy Magnetite Composite by Hydrothermal Reaction Sintering.- 2: Hydrothermal Oxidation.- Preparation of Zirconia Fine Powders by the Reactions Between Zirconium Metal and High Temperature-High Pressure Solutions.- Preparation of Fine Monoclinic Hafnia Powders by Hydrothermal Oxidation.- Synthesis and Sintering of Zirconia Fine Powders by Hydrothermal Reactions from Zirconium Metal and High-Temperature High-Pressure Solutions.- Hydrothermal Oxidation of Hf Metal Chips in the Preparation of Monoclinic HfO2 Powders.- Reaction Kinetics in the Hydrothermal Oxidation of Hf.- Preparation of Mixed Fine Al2O3-HfO2 Powders by Hydrothermal Oxidation.- Preparation of Zirconia-Alumina Fine Powders by Hydrothermal Oxidation of Zr-Al Alloys.- Formation of TiO2 and ZnO Powders by Hydrothermal Oxidation of Ti and Zn Metals.- 3: Hydrothermal Growth.- Crystal Growth of Magnetite under Hydrothermal Condition with Hydrogen.- Hydro thermal Growth of Brucite Crystals.- Hydro thermal Crystal Growth of Magnetite in the Presence of Hydrogen.- Crystal Growth of Sodium Iron Titanium Bronze Compounds under Hydrothermal Conditions.- Hydrothermal Growth of Y2O3-Stabilized Cubic ZrO2 Crystals.- Hydrothermal Growth of Fayalite Crystals.- Hydrothermal Growth of Fayalite Crystals.- Hydrothermal Growth of Quartz Crystals in NaCl Solution.- Hydrothermal Crystal Growth of Perovskite-Type Fluorides.- Hydrothermal Growth of Quartz Crystals in KCl Solution.- Hydro thermal Crystal Growth of Mixed Crystals in the KMnF3-KCoF3 System.- Crystallization and Crystal Growth of CeO2 under Hydrothermal Conditions.- Hydro thermal Growth of Amethyst and Citrine in NaCl and KCl Solutions.- Hydrothermal Growth of La3+-doped SrF2 Single Crystal.- Crystal Growth of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) under Hydrothermal Conditions.- Hydrothermal Crystal Growth of Calcite in NaCl and KCl Solutions.- Hydro thermal Crystal Growth of BaPb1?xBixO3 (0 ? x ? 0·30).- Solubility and Hydrothermal Growth of Calcite Single Crystal in Nitrate Solutions.- 4: Crystallization.- Hydrothermal Preparation of Ultrafine Monoclinic ZrO2 Powder.- Crystallization and Transformation of Zirconia under Hydrothermal Conditions.- Crystallization and Crystal Growth of CeO2 under Hydrothermal Conditions.- Formation of Ultrafine Tetragonal ZrO2 Powder under Hydrothermal Conditions.- Hydrothermal Crystallization and Crystal Growth of Un-doped and ZrO2-doped CeO2.- Fine Zirconia Powders by Hydrothermal Processing.- Cubic Eu-doped Hafnia Ultrafine Particles Crystallized under Hydrothermal Conditions.- Hydrothermal Processing of Ultrafine Single-Crystal Zirconia and Hafnia Powders with Homogeneous Dopants.- 5: Hydrothermal Synthesis.- Fluid Inclusions in Hydrothermally Synthesized Brucite Crystals.- Hydrothermal Synthesis of Topaz Crystals.- Hydrothermal Synthesis and Sintering of LaCrO3.- Synthesis of LaCrO3 under Hydrothermal Conditions.- Effects of Starting Materials and Temperature on the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Aluminum Orthophosphate.- Hydrothermal Synthesis of Oxides of Manganese Single Crystals.- Hydrothermal Synthesis and Growth of La1?xSrxFeO3 (0 ? x ? 0·1) Crystals.- Synthesis of Magnetite Using Ilmenite under Hydrothermal Conditions.- Synthesis of Vanadium Sulfides under High Pressure.- Hydrothermal Synthesis of Gallium Orthophosphate Crystals.- Hydrothermal Synthesis and Properties of BaPb1?xBixO3.- 6: Hydrothermal Reactions.- Graphitization of Carbon in Presence of Calcium Compounds under Hydrothermal Condition by Use of High Gas Pressure Apparatus.- Hydration of Calcium Aluminates (3?1, 12?7, 1?1, 1?2 and 1?6) in Phosphoric Acid Solutions at Various Temperatures.- Immobilization of Radioactive Wastes in Hydro thermal Synthetic Rock: Lithification of Silica Powder.- Immobilization of Radioactive Wastes in Hydrothermal Synthetic Rock (II): Hydro thermal Synthesis of Pollucite.- Immobilization of Radioactive Wastes in Hydrothermal Synthetic Rock (III): Properties of Waste Form Containing Simulated High-Level Radioactive Waste.- 7: Hydrothermal Decomposition and Corrosion.- Decomposition of Ilmenite under Hydrothermal Condition (Preliminary Work).- Decomposition of Ilmenite under Hydrothermal Condition.- Reaction Products of Si3N4 in Ammonia Solution at High Temperature under High Pressure.- Hydrothermal Decomposition of Polychlorinated Biphenyls.- Decomposition of Ilmenite in KOH-H2O Solutions under High-Pressure Conditions.- Oxidation of SiC Powder by High-Temperature, High-Pressure H2O.- Dissolution and Reaction of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Single Crystals in Hydrothermal Solutions.- Role of H2O on the Degradation Process of Y-TZP.- Oxidation of Non-oxide Ceramics by High-Temperature High-Pressure Water.- 8: Hydrothermal Hot Pressing.- Solidification of Glass Powder by a Hydro thermal Hot-Pressing Technique.- A Hydrothermal Hot-Pressing Method: Apparatus and Application.- Immobilization of Radioactive Wastes by Hydrothermal Hot Pressing.- 9: Hydrothermal Hot Isostatic Pressing.- Fabrication of Phosphate-Bonded Mica Ceramics by Hot Isostatic Processing.- Fabrication of Nonadditive Mica Ceramics by Hot Isostatic Processing.- Sintering of Synthetic Mica by a Hydrothermal Equipment.- Sintering of Synthetic Mica by a Hydrothermal Hot Isostatic Process.- High-Pressure Hot Isostatic Pressing of Synthetic Mica.- 10: Nitridation.- Reactions of Titanium Metal Powders with High-Temperature High-Pressure Ammonia.- Oxidation of Si3N4 and SiC by High Temperature—High Pressure Water Vapour.- Nitridation of Titanium and Zirconium Powders Mixed with Ammonium Chloride under High Temperature—High Pressure Ammonia.- Nitridation of Titanium and Zirconium Powders Mixed with Ammonium Chloride under High Temperature-High Pressure Ammonia.- 11: Phase Diagrams.- Phase Equilibria in the System MgO-RCl (R = Li, Na and K): Solution under Hydrothermal Conditions by Means of a Capsule Bursting Method.- Phase Equilibria in the System Nd2O3-P2O5-H2O at 500°C under 100 MPa and Synthesis of NdP5O14 Crystals.- The Confirmation of Phase Equilibria in the System ZrO2-CeO2 below 1400°C.- Revised Phase Diagram of the System ZrO2-CeO2 below 1400°C.