Humic Substances in the Aquatic and Terrestrial Environment: Proceedings of an International Symposium Linköping, Sweden, August 21-23, 1989

ISBN-13: 9783540537021 / Angielski / Miękka / 1991 / 519 str.

Bert Allard; Hans Boren; Anders Grimvall

Opis

The state of the art on isolation techniques, ion binding theory, biologic activity in the aquatic environment as well as the formation of mutagenic compounds from chlorination is reviewed by worldwide-known experts. Additional papers describe current research on the topics: isolation, fractionation and characterization; biological and chemical transformation and degradation; complex formation and interactions with solids; biologic activity, halogenation of humic substances.

Spis treści

The different roles of humic substances in the environment.- Factors to be considered in the isolation and characterization of aquatic humic substances.- Comparison of aquatic humic substances of different origin.- Structural features of aquatic fulvic acids by analytical and preparative HPLC followed by spectroscopic characterization.- Fluorescence spectroscopy as a means of distinguishing fulvic and humic acids from dissolved and sedimentary aquatic sources and terrestrial sources.- Dielectric spectroscopy of aqueous solutions of fulvic acids.- Cobaltihexamine as an index cation for measuring the cation exchange capacity of humic acids.- Investigation of humic acid samples from different sources by photon correlation spectroscopy.- The behaviour of diborane-reduced fulvic acids in flash pyrolysis.- Some aspects of the characterization of humic substances in lake waters.- Isolation and fractionation of humic substances in lake waters.- Dating of groundwaters by 14C-analysis of dissolved humic substances.- Characterization of organic materials by means of electrofocusing.- Nature of humic substances of Mollisol and Luvisol in the Canadian Prairies.- Influence of vegetation changes on soil organic matter.- Humification parameters of organic materials applied to soil.- Solid state 13C CP MAS NMR characterization of the chemical structure of terrestrial organic matter from areas with differing vegetational backgrounds.- Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, lignin content and carbohydrate composition of humic substances from salt marsh estuaries.- The effect of composting on the organic colloidal fraction from domestic sewage sludge.- Some effects of ozonation of humic substances in drinking water.- Upgrading the removal of humic substances and mutagen precursors in water treatment.- Effects of gamma irradiation on an aquatic fulvic acid.- Coloured substances in Swedish lakes and rivers — temporal variation and regulating factors.- Large-scale pattern of mor layer degradability in Sweden measured as standardized respiration.- Ion binding by humic substances: Considerations based on the solution chemistry and heterogeneity of humic substances.- The incorporation of natural organic matter — cation interaction into the speciation code PHREEQE.- Calcium binding to an aquatic fulvic acid.- Interaction of strontium and europium with an aquatic fulvic acid studied by ultrafiltration and ion exchange techniques.- Complexation behaviour of humic substances from granitic groundwater towards Am(III).- Natural organic acids in acidic surface water. acid-base properties, complex formation with aluminum, and their contribution to acidification.- Investigations of the interaction of transranic radionuclides with humic and fulvic acids chemically immobilized on silica gel.- Complexing properties of humic substances isolated from sea water; the contribution of these substances to complexing capacities of water from the Baltic Sea and geochemical implications of this phenomenon.- An evaluation of chemically immobilized humic acid: A new stationary phase for RP-HPLC prediction of uptake of organic pollutants by soils and sediments.- The influence of aquatic humic substances on the octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow) of pesticides and trace elements at different pH values.- The contradictory biological behavior of humic substances in the aquatic environment.- Effects of humic substances from different sources on growth and nutrient content of cucumber plants.- Phytotoxic substances in runoff from forested catchment areas.- Interaction of humic acids and humic-acid-like polymers with herpes simplex virus type 1.- Effects of pH and natural humic substances on the accumulation of organic pollutants in two freshwater invertebrates.- Influence of natural humic acids and synthetic phenolic polymers on fibrinolysis.- Differential inhibitory effects of humic acids on coagulation systems of human blood.- Mutagenic compounds from chlorination of humic substances.- Mutagenic activity in disinfected waters and recovery of the potent bacterial mutagen "MX" from water by XAD resin adsorption.- Formation of 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) and mutagenic activity by chlorination of phenolic compounds.- Iodinated humic acids.- Soil peroxidase-mediated chlorination of fulvic acid.- Natural organochlorine in humic soils. GC and GC/MS studies of soil pyrolysates.- Organic halogens in Danish groundwaters.